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Test 3 · ★ · Zootopia: real sloths, shrews, predators and prey

In a cartoon, a sloth falls in a river and sinks like a stone. What is real?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: sloth · What happens: fall, sink, be · To what, where: cartoon

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 142 «Zootopia: real sloths, shrews, predators and prey» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a sloth falls in a river and sinks like a stone.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 falls	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 sloth	det
6	sloth	sloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 falls	nsubj
7	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 river	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 river	det
10	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 falls	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 sinks	cc
12	sinks	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 falls	conj
13	like	like	ADP	_	15 stone	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 stone	det
15	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 sinks	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 falls	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	a sloth			a cartoon		in a river	vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Location
2	sink	present	a sloth not said here					like a stone	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is real?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 real	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 real	cop
3	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 real	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						real property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Sloths drown in a few seconds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 drown	nsubj
2	drown	drown	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 seconds	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 seconds	det
5	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 seconds	amod
6	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 drown	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drown	present	Sloths				second		vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Sloths cannot float at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 float	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 float	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 float	advmod
4	float	float	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 float	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not float	can	Sloths			all			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at all=Trajectory

Option 3

Sloths sink straight to the bottom because their long fur soaks up so much water

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sink	nsubj
2	sink	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	straight	straight	ADV	_	6 bottom	advmod
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 bottom	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bottom	det
6	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sink	obl
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 soaks	mark
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 fur	nmod:poss
9	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 fur	amod
10	fur	fur	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 soaks	nsubj
11	soaks	soak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sink	advcl
12	up	up	ADP	_	11 soaks	compound:prt
13	so	so	ADV	_	14 much	advmod
14	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 water	amod
15	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 soaks	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sink	present	Sloths					to the bottom	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	soak up	present	Sloths's long fur	much water					vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent water=Source

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Sloths swim well and can hold their breath for a long time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 swim	nsubj
2	swim	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 swim	advmod
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 hold	cc
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 hold	aux
6	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 swim	conj
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 breath	nmod:poss
8	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hold	obj
9	for	for	ADP	_	12 time	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 time	det
11	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 time	amod
12	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hold	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swim	present	Sloths					well property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	hold	can	Sloths not said here	Sloths's breath			time		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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