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Test 3 · ★★ · Shrek's dragon: real «dragons» and lizards, and why nothin…

In a cartoon a lizard loses its tail and screams in agony with blood everywhere. What is real?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: lizard · What happens: lose, scream, be · To what, where: tail, cartoon, agony

This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 146 «Shrek's dragon: real «dragons» and lizards, and why nothing breathes fire» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a lizard loses its tail and screams in agony with blood everywhere.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 loses	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 lizard	det
5	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 loses	nsubj
6	loses	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 tail	nmod:poss
8	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 loses	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 screams	cc
10	screams	scream	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 loses	conj
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 agony	case
12	agony	agony	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 screams	obl
13	with	with	ADP	_	14 blood	case
14	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 screams	obl
15	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	PronType=Tot	10 screams	advmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 loses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present	a lizard	lizard's tail		a cartoon			vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Eventuality
2	scream speech: express	present	a lizard not said here			agony		with blood; everywhere property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with blood=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is real?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 real	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 real	cop
3	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 real	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						real property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

The tail can never grow back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 tail	det
2	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 grow	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 grow	aux
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 grow	advmod
5	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	back	back	ADV	_	5 grow	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not grow back	can	the tail						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

The lizard picks the tail up later and sticks it back on with spit

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lizard	det
2	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 picks	nsubj
3	picks	pick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 tail	det
5	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 picks	obj
6	up	up	ADP	_	3 picks	compound:prt
7	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 picks	advmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 sticks	cc
9	sticks	stick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 picks	conj
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 sticks	obj
11	back	back	ADV	_	12 on	advmod
12	on	on	ADV	_	9 sticks	advmod
13	with	with	ADP	_	14 spit	case
14	spit	spit	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 sticks	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pick up	present	the lizard	the tail				late property	vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Topic
2	stick	present	the lizard not said here	tail				with spit	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Destination with spit=Theme

Option 3

Losing a tail always kills a lizard

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Losing	lose	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 kills	csubj
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 tail	det
3	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Losing	obj
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 kills	advmod
5	kills	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 lizard	det
7	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 kills	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	gerund		a tail					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Eventuality
2	kill	present	Losing	a lizard				always property	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lizard=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The tail breaks at weak points and muscles close the vessels, so little blood is lost

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 tail	det
2	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 breaks	nsubj
3	breaks	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 points	case
5	weak	weak	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 points	amod
6	points	point	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 breaks	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 close	cc
8	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 close	nsubj
9	close	close	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 breaks	conj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 vessels	det
11	vessels	vessel	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 close	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 lost	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	17 lost	advmod
14	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 blood	amod
15	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 lost	nsubj:pass
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 lost	aux:pass
17	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 breaks	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	present	the tail			weak points			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at point=Location
2	close	present	muscles	the vessels					vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vessel=Patient
3	lose	present · passive		little blood					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/146-shrek-s-dragon-real-dragons-and-lizards/t3/