Test 6 · The Amazon river: pink dolphins, flooded forest, giant fis…

«a fish that breathes air? fish breathe water, mate» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: fish, fish fish · What happens: breathe, be · To what, where: air, water · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 of lesson 155 «The Amazon river: pink dolphins, flooded forest, giant fish and piranhas» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 breathe	punct
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 fish	det
3	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 fish	compound
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 breathes	nsubj
5	breathes	breathe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fish	acl:relcl
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 breathes	obj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 fish	punct
8	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 breathe	nsubj
9	breathe	breathe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 right	parataxis
10	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 breathe	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 mate	punct
12	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 water	conj
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 breathe	punct
14	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	16 right	nsubj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 right	cop
16	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	16 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	breathe in a quote	present	a fish	air		vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme
2	breathe in a quote	present	fish fish	water and mate		vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme
3	is	present			right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The arapaima must gulp air because warm flood water holds little oxygen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 arapaima	det
2	arapaima	arapaima	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gulp	nsubj
3	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 gulp	aux
4	gulp	gulp	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gulp	obj
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	10 holds	mark
7	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 water	amod
8	flood	flood	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 water	compound
9	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 holds	nsubj
10	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 gulp	advcl
11	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 oxygen	amod
12	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 holds	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	gulp	must	the arapaima	air					vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Patient
2	hold	present	warm flood water	little oxygen					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Theme

Option 2

Right, it is just showing off

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Right	right	INTJ	_	6 showing	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Right	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 showing	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 showing	aux
5	just	just	ADV	_	6 showing	advmod
6	showing	show	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	off	off	ADP	_	6 showing	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show off	present · progressive	it						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It only breathes air on land, when it crawls out of the river to rest

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 breathes	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 breathes	advmod
3	breathes	breathe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 breathes	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 land	case
6	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 breathes	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 crawls	punct
8	when	when	SCONJ	_	10 crawls	mark
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 crawls	nsubj
10	crawls	crawl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 breathes	conj
11	out	out	ADP	_	14 river	case
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 river	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 river	det
14	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 crawls	obl
15	to	to	PART	_	16 rest	mark
16	rest	rest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 crawls	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	breathe	present	It	air	land	vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent air=Theme on land=Destination
2	crawl	present	air		the river	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out river=Trajectory
3	rest	to-infinitive	air not said here			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

It is a dolphin, not a fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 dolphin	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 dolphin	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 dolphin	det
4	dolphin	dolphin	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 fish	punct
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 fish	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 fish	det
8	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 dolphin	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a dolphin and a fish					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/155-the-amazon-river/t6/