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Test 10 · ★ · The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart fr…

Orchids grow on a branch high above the ground. How do they get water?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Orchids · What happens: grow, get · To what, where: branch, water

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 156 «The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart frogs and sloth gardens» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Orchids grow on a branch high above the ground.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Orchids	orchid	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	nsubj
2	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 branch	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 branch	det
5	branch	branch	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grow	obl
6	high	high	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 grow	advmod
7	above	above	ADP	_	9 ground	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ground	det
9	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grow	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 grow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Orchids			a branch		above the ground; high property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on branch=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How do they get water?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	4 get	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 get	aux
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 get	nsubj
4	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 get	obj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 get	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	present · do-support	Orchids = orchid	water					vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer water=Stimulus

The options

Option 1

Long roots grow all the way down the trunk to reach the soil below

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 roots	amod
2	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grow	nsubj
3	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 way	det:predet
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 way	det
6	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grow	obl:unmarked
7	down	down	ADP	_	9 trunk	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 trunk	det
9	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grow	obl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 reach	mark
11	reach	reach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 grow	advcl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 soil	det
13	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 reach	obj
14	below	below	ADV	_	13 soil	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Long roots	all way				down the trunk	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	reach	to-infinitive	Long roots not said here	the soil					vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent soil=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

They suck water from the tree like a vampire

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 suck	nsubj
2	suck	suck	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 suck	obj
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 tree	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 tree	det
6	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 suck	obl
7	like	like	ADP	_	9 vampire	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 vampire	det
9	vampire	vampire	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 suck	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	suck	present	They	water		the tree		like a vampire	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent water=Theme from tree=Source

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Their roots and leaves catch rain and fallen bits

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 roots	nmod:poss
2	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 catch	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 leaves	cc
4	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 roots	conj
5	catch	catch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 catch	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 bits	cc
8	fallen	fall	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 bits	amod
9	bits	bit	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 rain	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	catch	present	Their roots and leaves	rain and fallen bits					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rain=Theme
2	fall	participle							vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

They do not need water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 need	nsubj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 need	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 need	advmod
4	need	need	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 need	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not need	present · do-support	They	water					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot water=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/156-the-amazon-canopy/t10/