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Test 9 · ★ · The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart fr…

A whole bunch of macaws are licking a muddy cliff. Why?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: whole bunch · What happens: lick · To what, where: muddy cliff

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 156 «The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart frogs and sloth gardens» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A whole bunch of macaws are licking a muddy cliff.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 bunch	det
2	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 bunch	amod
3	bunch	bunch	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 licking	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 macaws	case
5	macaws	macaw	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 bunch	nmod
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 licking	aux
7	licking	lick	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 cliff	det
9	muddy	muddy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 cliff	amod
10	cliff	cliff	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 licking	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 licking	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lick	present · progressive	a whole bunch of macaws	a muddy cliff					vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent cliff=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They are drinking rain water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 drinking	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 drinking	aux
3	drinking	drink	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 water	compound
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drinking	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drink	present · progressive	They	rain water					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient

Option 2

They are lost and hungry for mud only

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 lost	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lost	aux:pass
3	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 hungry	cc
5	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 lost	conj
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 mud	case
7	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lost	obl
8	only	only	ADV	_	7 mud	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present · passive		They				for mud	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The clay gives them salt and may soak up poisons from seeds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 clay	det
2	clay	clay	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gives	nsubj
3	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 gives	iobj
5	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gives	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 soak	cc
7	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 soak	aux
8	soak	soak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 gives	conj
9	up	up	ADP	_	8 soak	compound:prt
10	poisons	poison	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 soak	obj
11	from	from	ADP	_	12 seeds	case
12	seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 poisons	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present	the clay	salt	them = they				vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient salt=Theme
2	soak up	may	the clay not said here	poisons		seeds			vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent poison=Theme from seed=Source

Option 4

They are polishing their beaks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 polishing	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 polishing	aux
3	polishing	polish	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 beaks	nmod:poss
5	beaks	beak	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 polishing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	polish	present · progressive	They	their beaks					vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent beak=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/156-the-amazon-canopy/t9/