Test 11 · ★ · The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis and forest…

«leopards only hunt at night, so the forest's safe at noon» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: leopards · What happens: hunt, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 159 «The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis and forest elephants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 hunt	punct
2	leopards	leopard	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hunt	nsubj
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 hunt	advmod
4	hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 night	case
6	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hunt	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 safe	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	12 safe	advmod
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 forest	det
10	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 safe	nmod:poss
11	's	's	PART	_	10 forest	case
12	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 hunt	conj
13	at	at	ADP	_	14 noon	case
14	noon	noon	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 safe	obl
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 safe	punct
16	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 right	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 right	cop
18	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 safe	parataxis
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 hunt	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hunt in a quote	present	leopards				night		vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present						right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Leopards only ever hunt out on the open savanna, never among trees

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Leopards	leopard	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hunt	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	4 hunt	advmod
3	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 hunt	advmod
4	hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	out	out	ADP	_	4 hunt	compound:prt
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 savanna	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 savanna	det
8	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 savanna	amod
9	savanna	savanna	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hunt	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 trees	punct
11	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	13 trees	advmod
12	among	among	ADP	_	13 trees	case
13	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hunt	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hunt out	infinitive	Leopards			the open savanna	ever		vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent on savanna=Location

Option 2

Yes, they sleep all day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 sleep	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 sleep	nsubj
4	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 day	det
6	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sleep	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sleep	present	they				day		vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Leopards never live in forests

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Leopards	leopard	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 live	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 live	advmod
3	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 forests	case
5	forests	forest	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 live	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not live	present	Leopards			forests			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in forest=Location

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

In the dark rainforest leopards often hunt by day too

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	5 leopards	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 leopards	det
3	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 leopards	amod
4	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 leopards	compound
5	leopards	leopard	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 hunt	obl
6	often	often	ADV	_	7 hunt	advmod
7	hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 day	case
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hunt	obl
10	too	too	ADV	_	7 hunt	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hunt	present					day	in the dark rainforest leopards; often property	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in leopard=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/159-the-congo-rainforest/t11/