Test 9 · The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, orangutans

Why do scientists photograph gorillas' noses instead of putting tags on them?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: scientists · What happens: photograph, put · To what, where: noses, tags

This is test 9 of lesson 16 «The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, orangutans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 photograph	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 photograph	aux
3	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 photograph	nsubj
4	photograph	photograph	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	gorillas	gorilla	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 noses	nmod:poss
6	'	's	PART	_	5 gorillas	case
7	noses	nose	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 photograph	obj
8	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=SCONJ	10 putting	mark
9	of	of	ADP	_	8 instead	fixed
10	putting	put	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 photograph	advcl
11	tags	tag	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 putting	obj
12	on	on	ADP	_	13 them	case
13	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 putting	obl
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 photograph	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	photograph	present · do-support	scientists	gorillas's noses					vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nose=Theme
2	put	gerund	scientists not said here	tags				on scientists = scientist	vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent tag=Theme on they=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Their noses tell their age

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 noses	nmod:poss
2	noses	nose	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 tell	nsubj
3	tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 age	nmod:poss
5	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tell	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	present	Their noses	noses's age					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent age=Recipient

Option 2

Tags fall off in the rain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tags	tag	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 fall	nsubj
2	fall	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	off	off	ADP	_	2 fall	compound:prt
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 rain	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 rain	det
6	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fall	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall off	present	Tags					in the rain	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in rain=Attribute

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Each nose wrinkle pattern is unique, so no catching is needed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	4 pattern	det
2	nose	nose	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wrinkle	compound
3	wrinkle	wrinkle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pattern	compound
4	pattern	pattern	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 unique	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 unique	cop
6	unique	unique	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 needed	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	12 needed	advmod
9	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	10 catching	det
10	catching	catching	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 needed	nsubj:pass
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 needed	aux:pass
12	needed	need	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 unique	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	each wrinkle pattern					unique property	tree rules
2	need	present · passive		no catching					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Gorillas love having their picture taken and pose for the cameras

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gorillas	gorilla	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 love	nsubj
2	love	love	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	having	have	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 love	xcomp
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 picture	nmod:poss
5	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 having	obj
6	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 having	xcomp
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 pose	cc
8	pose	pose	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 love	conj
9	for	for	ADP	_	11 cameras	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 cameras	det
11	cameras	camera	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 pose	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	love	present	Gorillas			vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	have not said to happen	gerund	Gorillas not said here	Gorillas's picture		tree rules
3	take	participle	Gorillas's picture not said here			vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	pose	infinitive	Gorillas not said here		for the cameras	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/16-the-great-apes/t9/