Test 7 · The Congo river: tigerfish, the deepest river, lungfish an…

«found a mud ball, gonna smash it» Why might that be a bad idea in the Congo?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mud ball, that · What happens: find, smash, be · To what, where: mud ball, ball, bad idea, Congo · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 of lesson 160 «The Congo river: tigerfish, the deepest river, lungfish and hidden birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 found	punct
2	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 ball	det
4	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 ball	compound
5	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 found	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 smash	punct
7	gonna	gonna	X	Foreign=Yes	8 smash	dep
8	smash	smash	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 ball	acl:relcl
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 smash	obj
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 smash	punct
11	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	17 idea	advmod
12	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 idea	aux
13	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	17 idea	nsubj
14	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	17 idea	cop
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 idea	det
16	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 idea	amod
17	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 found	ccomp
18	in	in	ADP	_	20 Congo	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 Congo	det
20	Congo	Congo	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 idea	nmod
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 found	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	find in a quote	past		a mud ball		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Topic
2	smash in a quote	infinitive	a mud ball not said here	ball		vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
3	is a	might	that	a bad idea	the Congo	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Mud is poisonous to touch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 poisonous	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 poisonous	cop
3	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 touch	mark
5	touch	touch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 poisonous	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Mud					poisonous property	tree rules
2	touch	to-infinitive	Mud not said here						vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It might be a bird's nest made of gold, hidden there long ago

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 nest	nsubj
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 nest	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 nest	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 bird	det
5	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 nest	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 bird	case
7	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 nest	acl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 gold	case
10	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 made	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 hidden	punct
12	hidden	hide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	7 nest	conj
13	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 hidden	advmod
14	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	15 ago	advmod
15	ago	ago	ADV	_	12 hidden	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	might	It	a bird's nest			tree rules
2	make	participle		a bird's nest not said here		of gold	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
3	hide	participle			there	ago property	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It could hold a lungfish waiting for the rain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 hold	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 hold	aux
3	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 lungfish	det
5	lungfish	lungfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hold	obj
6	waiting	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 hold	xcomp
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 rain	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 rain	det
9	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 waiting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	could	It	a lungfish					tree rules
2	wait	gerund						for the rain	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Mud balls explode

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 balls	compound
2	balls	ball	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 explode	nsubj
3	explode	explode	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	explode	present	Mud balls						vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/160-the-congo-river/t7/