Exam question 1 · Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the nutrition of Rafflesia arnoldii.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, nutrify · To what, where: response, nutrition, Rafflesia arnoldii

This is exam question 1 of lesson 161 «Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower and gliding snakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 nutrition	det
11	nutrition	nutrition	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 arnoldii	case
13	Rafflesia	Rafflesia	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 arnoldii	compound
14	arnoldii	arnoldii	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 nutrition	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the nutrition of Rafflesia arnoldii		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus nutrition=Experiencer
4	nutrify			Rafflesia arnoldii		nom nutrition «process transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It absorbs nutrients from the soil through an extensive root system of its own

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 absorbs	nsubj
2	absorbs	absorb	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nutrients	nutrient	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 absorbs	obj
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 soil	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 soil	det
6	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 absorbs	obl
7	through	through	ADP	_	11 system	case
8	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 system	det
9	extensive	extensive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 system	amod
10	root	root	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 system	compound
11	system	system	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 absorbs	obl
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 own	case
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 own	nmod:poss
14	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 system	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	absorb	present	It	nutrients		the soil		through a extensive root system of system's own	vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Goal nutrient=Theme from soil=Source

Option 2

It photosynthesises by means of extensive foliage

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 photosynthesises	nsubj
2	photosynthesises	photosynthesis	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	by	by	ADP	_	4 means	case
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 photosynthesises	ccomp
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 foliage	case
6	extensive	extensive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 foliage	amod
7	foliage	foliage	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 means	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	photosynthesis	present	It						tree rules
2	mean	present						of extensive foliage	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It captures insects within a fluid-filled pitcher

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 captures	nsubj
2	captures	capture	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 captures	obj
4	within	within	ADP	_	9 pitcher	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 pitcher	det
6	fluid	fluid	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 filled	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 fluid	punct
8	filled	fill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 pitcher	amod
9	pitcher	pitcher	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 captures	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	capture	present	It	insects				within a filled pitcher	vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Theme
2	fill	participle							vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It derives its nourishment as a parasite within a host vine

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 derives	nsubj
2	derives	derive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 nourishment	nmod:poss
4	nourishment	nourishment	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 derives	obj
5	as	as	ADP	_	7 parasite	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 parasite	det
7	parasite	parasite	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 derives	obl
8	within	within	ADP	_	11 vine	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 vine	det
10	host	host	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 vine	compound
11	vine	vine	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 derives	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	derive	present	It	its nourishment				as a parasite; within a host vine	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent nourishment=Result as parasite=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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