Exam question 2 · Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower…

Identify the principal function attributed to the enlarged nose of the male proboscis monkey.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, attribute · To what, where: principal function

This is exam question 2 of lesson 161 «Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower and gliding snakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 function	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 function	amod
4	function	function	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	attributed	attribute	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 function	acl
6	to	to	ADP	_	9 nose	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 nose	det
8	enlarged	enlarged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 nose	amod
9	nose	nose	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 attributed	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	14 monkey	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 monkey	det
12	male	male	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 monkey	amod
13	proboscis	proboscis	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 monkey	compound
14	monkey	monkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 nose	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal function					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme
2	attribute	participle		the principal function not said here				to the enlarged nose of the male proboscis monkey	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The amplification of its vocal calls

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 amplification	det
2	amplification	amplification	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 calls	case
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 calls	nmod:poss
5	vocal	vocal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 calls	amod
6	calls	call	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 amplification	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call		amplification						nom call «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

The excavation of edible roots

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 excavation	det
2	excavation	excavation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 roots	case
4	edible	edible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 roots	amod
5	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 excavation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	excavate		edible roots						nom excavation «act intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3

The facilitation of breathing whilst submerged

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 facilitation	det
2	facilitation	facilitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	SCONJ	_	4 breathing	mark
4	breathing	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 facilitation	acl
5	whilst	whilst	SCONJ	_	6 submerged	mark
6	submerged	submerge	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 breathing	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	breathe	gerund	the facilitation not said here						tree rules
2	submerge	participle	the facilitation not said here						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

The detection of fruit at great distances

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 detection	det
2	detection	detection	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 fruit	case
4	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 detection	nmod
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 distances	case
6	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 distances	amod
7	distances	distance	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 detection	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	detect			fruit				at great distances	nom detection «cognition transitive»: of=patient at=obl

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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