Test 5 · Sumatra: the smallest tiger, the hairy rhino, the stinking…

What would happen to a tarsier if its head could not turn?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: head · What happens: happen, not turn

This is test 5 of lesson 162 «Sumatra: the smallest tiger, the hairy rhino, the stinking giant flower and the venomous loris» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 tarsier	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 tarsier	det
6	tarsier	tarsier	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happen	obl
7	if	if	SCONJ	_	12 turn	mark
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 head	nmod:poss
9	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 turn	nsubj
10	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 turn	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 turn	advmod
12	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 happen	advcl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would						to a tarsier	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	not turn a condition, not said to happen	could	tarsier's head						vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It could see behind itself anyway

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 see	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 see	aux
3	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	behind	behind	ADP	_	5 itself	case
5	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	3 see	obl
6	anyway	anyway	ADV	_	3 see	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	could	It			itself = it		anyway property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2

Nothing at all, because tarsiers never need to look around them at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	at	at	ADP	_	3 all	case
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	1 Nothing	nmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 need	punct
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 need	mark
6	tarsiers	tarsier	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 need	nsubj
7	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 need	advmod
8	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Nothing	conj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 look	mark
10	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 need	xcomp
11	around	around	ADP	_	12 them	case
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 look	obl
13	at	at	ADP	_	14 all	case
14	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 look	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not need	present	tarsiers						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	look not said to happen	to-infinitive	tarsiers not said here			all		around tarsiers = tarsier	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent around they=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It could not look around, because its huge eyes cannot move

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 look	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 look	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 look	advmod
4	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	around	around	ADV	_	4 look	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 move	punct
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	13 move	mark
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 eyes	nmod:poss
9	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 eyes	amod
10	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 move	nsubj
11	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 move	aux
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 move	advmod
13	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 look	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not look around	could	It					around property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	not move	can	its huge eyes						vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

It would see better

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 see	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 see	aux
3	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	better	well	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 see	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	would	It					well property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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