Test 7 · Sumatra: the smallest tiger, the hairy rhino, the stinking…

Why might a tiger, rhino and elephant on an island be smaller than their cousins on big lands?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: tiger · What happens: be

This is test 7 of lesson 162 «Sumatra: the smallest tiger, the hairy rhino, the stinking giant flower and the venomous loris» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	13 smaller	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 smaller	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 tiger	det
4	tiger	tiger	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 smaller	nsubj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 rhino	punct
6	rhino	rhino	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tiger	appos
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 elephant	cc
8	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rhino	conj
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 island	case
10	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 island	det
11	island	island	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rhino	nmod
12	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 smaller	cop
13	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
14	than	than	ADP	_	16 cousins	case
15	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 cousins	nmod:poss
16	cousins	cousin	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 smaller	obl
17	on	on	ADP	_	19 lands	case
18	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 lands	amod
19	lands	land	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 cousins	nmod
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	13 smaller	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	might	a tiger					than rhino's cousins on big lands; small property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Islands are full of giants that hunt and eat all the big animals first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Islands	island	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 full	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 full	cop
3	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 giants	case
5	giants	giant	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 full	obl
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 hunt	nsubj
7	hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 giants	acl:relcl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 eat	cc
9	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 hunt	conj
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	13 animals	det:predet
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 animals	det
12	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 animals	amod
13	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 eat	obj
14	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	3 full	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Islands		of giants; first, full property	tree rules
2	hunt	present	giants			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	eat	present	giants not said here	all big animals		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Patient

Option 2

They drink salt water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 drink	nsubj
2	drink	drink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 water	compound
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 drink	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drink	present	They	salt water					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient

Option 3

The island is colder

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 island	det
2	island	island	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 colder	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 colder	cop
4	colder	cold	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the island					cold property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

On islands with less room and food, smaller animals do better over many generations

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	On	on	ADP	_	2 islands	case
2	islands	island	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 do	obl
3	with	with	ADP	_	5 room	case
4	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 room	amod
5	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 islands	nmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 food	cc
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 room	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 islands	punct
9	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 animals	amod
10	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 do	nsubj
11	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	better	well	ADV	Degree=Cmp	11 do	advmod
13	over	over	ADP	_	15 generations	case
14	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 generations	amod
15	generations	generation	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 do	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	smaller animals			islands with less room and food	over many generations	well property	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/162-sumatra-tigers-hairy-rhinos-and-the-venomous-loris/t7/