Exam question 2 · Australia's venomous animals and why few people die

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the use of vinegar in the treatment of a box jellyfish sting.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, use, treat · To what, where: response, use, vinegar, jellyfish sting

This is exam question 2 of lesson 166 «Australia's venomous animals and why few people die» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 use	det
11	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 vinegar	case
13	vinegar	vinegar	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 use	nmod
14	in	in	ADP	_	16 treatment	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 treatment	det
16	treatment	treatment	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 vinegar	nmod
17	of	of	ADP	_	21 sting	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 sting	det
19	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 jellyfish	compound
20	jellyfish	jellyfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 sting	compound
21	sting	sting	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 treatment	nmod
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the use of vinegar in the treatment of a jellyfish sting		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus use=Experiencer
4	use			vinegar in the treatment of a jellyfish sting		nom use «act transitive»: of=patient
5	treat			a jellyfish sting		nom treatment «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is applied solely to remove the odour of the sting from the skin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 applied	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 applied	aux:pass
3	applied	apply	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 applied	advmod
5	to	to	PART	_	6 remove	mark
6	remove	remove	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 applied	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 odour	det
8	odour	odour	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 remove	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 sting	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sting	det
11	sting	sting	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 odour	nmod
12	from	from	ADP	_	14 skin	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 skin	det
14	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 remove	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	apply	present · passive		It				solely property	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	remove	to-infinitive		the odour of the sting		the skin			vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent odour=Theme from skin=Source

Option 2

It is employed to drive the jellyfish away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 employed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 employed	aux:pass
3	employed	employ	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 drive	mark
5	drive	drive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 employed	advcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 jellyfish	det
7	jellyfish	jellyfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 drive	obj
8	away	away	ADV	_	5 drive	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	employ	present · passive		It					vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	drive away	to-infinitive		the jellyfish				away property	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme jellyfish=Trajectory

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It prevents the discharge of stinging cells which have not yet fired

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 prevents	nsubj
2	prevents	prevent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 discharge	det
4	discharge	discharge	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 prevents	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 cells	case
6	stinging	sting	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 cells	amod
7	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 discharge	nmod
8	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 fired	nsubj:pass
9	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 fired	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 fired	advmod
11	yet	yet	ADV	_	12 fired	advmod
12	fired	fire	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 cells	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	prevent	present	It	the discharge of stinging cells		vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer discharge=Theme
2	sting	gerund				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
3	not fire	present · perfect · passive		stinging cells	yet	vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
4	discharge			stinging cells		nom discharge «event transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

It neutralises the venom already injected entirely

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 neutralises	nsubj
2	neutralises	neutralis	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 venom	det
4	venom	venom	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 neutralises	obj
5	already	already	ADV	_	6 injected	advmod
6	injected	inject	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 venom	acl
7	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	6 injected	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	neutralis	present	It	the venom					tree rules
2	inject	participle		the venom not said here				entirely property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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