Exam question 1 · Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and…
Identify the principal reason for which no polar bear is encountered in the wild in Antarctica.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, encounter · To what, where: principal reason, polar bear, wild
This is exam question 1 of lesson 170 «Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Identify | identify | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 reason | det |
| 3 | principal | principal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 reason | amod |
| 4 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Identify | obj |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 which | case |
| 6 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 encountered | obl |
| 7 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 9 bear | det |
| 8 | polar | polar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 bear | amod |
| 9 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 encountered | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 encountered | aux:pass |
| 11 | encountered | encounter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 reason | acl:relcl |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 wild | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 wild | det |
| 14 | wild | wild | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 encountered | obl |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 Antarctica | case |
| 16 | Antarctica | Antarctica | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 encountered | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Identify | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | identify | imperative | you not said here | the principal reason | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme | ||||
| 2 | encounter | present · passive | no polar bear | the wild | for the principal reason; in Antarctica | vn encounter-30.5 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
The species is confined to the Arctic regions of the northern hemisphere
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 species | det |
| 2 | species | species | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 confined | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 confined | aux:pass |
| 4 | confined | confine | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 regions | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 regions | det |
| 7 | Arctic | arctic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 regions | amod |
| 8 | regions | region | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 confined | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 hemisphere | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 hemisphere | det |
| 11 | northern | northern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 hemisphere | amod |
| 12 | hemisphere | hemisphere | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 regions | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | confine | present · passive | the species | the Arctic regions of the northern hemisphere | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to region=Destination |
Option 2
The species is concealed beneath the ice
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 species | det |
| 2 | species | species | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 concealed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 concealed | aux:pass |
| 4 | concealed | conceal | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 7 ice | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 ice | det |
| 7 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 concealed | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | conceal | present · passive | the species | the ice | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Patient beneath ice=Location |
Option 3
The species was exterminated by penguins
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 species | det |
| 2 | species | species | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 exterminated | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 exterminated | aux:pass |
| 4 | exterminated | exterminate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 6 penguins | case |
| 6 | penguins | penguin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 exterminated | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | exterminate | past · passive | penguins | the species | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
Option 4
The species migrates to Antarctica exclusively in winter and returns in spring
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 species | det |
| 2 | species | species | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 migrates | nsubj |
| 3 | migrates | migrate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 Antarctica | case |
| 5 | Antarctica | Antarctica | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 migrates | obl |
| 6 | exclusively | exclusively | ADV | _ | 3 migrates | advmod |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 winter | case |
| 8 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 migrates | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 returns | cc |
| 10 | returns | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 migrates | conj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 spring | case |
| 12 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 returns | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | migrate | present | the species | Antarctica | winter | exclusively property | tree rules | ||
| 2 | return | present | the species not said here | spring | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/e1/