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Test 2 · ★ · Coral reef builders: polyps, bleaching, sand from parrotfi…

In SpongeBob, Patrick the starfish lives happily on a reef. Which real starfish is a danger to coral reefs?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Patrick starfish · What happens: live, be · To what, where: SpongeBob, danger

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 172 «Coral reef builders: polyps, bleaching, sand from parrotfish and giant clams» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In SpongeBob, Patrick the starfish lives happily on a reef.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 SpongeBob	case
2	SpongeBob	SpongeBob	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 lives	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 SpongeBob	punct
4	Patrick	Patrick	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 starfish	compound
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 starfish	det
6	starfish	starfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lives	nsubj
7	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	happily	happily	ADV	_	7 lives	advmod
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 reef	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 reef	det
11	reef	reef	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lives	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 lives	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	the Patrick starfish			SpongeBob		on a reef; happily property	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in spongebob=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which real starfish is a danger to coral reefs?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 danger	nsubj
2	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 starfish	amod
3	starfish	starfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 danger	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 danger	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 danger	det
6	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 reefs	case
8	coral	coral	NOUN	_	9 reefs	compound
9	reefs	reef	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 danger	nmod
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 danger	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		a danger				to coral reefs	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Every kind of starfish eats coral, all the time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 kind	det
2	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 eats	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 starfish	case
4	starfish	starfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 kind	nmod
5	eats	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	coral	coral	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 eats	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 eats	punct
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 time	det:predet
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 time	det
10	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 eats	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	every kind of starfish	coral			time		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coral=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The crown-of-thorns starfish, which eats living coral

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 starfish	det
2	crown	crown	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 starfish	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 crown	punct
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 thorns	case
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 of	punct
6	thorns	thorn	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 -	obl
7	starfish	starfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 eats	nsubj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 eats	punct
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 eats	nsubj
10	eats	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	living	live	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 coral	amod
12	coral	coral	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 eats	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	the crown starfish	living coral					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coral=Patient
2	live	gerund							vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Starfish eat only sponges, like SpongeBob's friend Patrick does

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Starfish	starfish	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eat	nsubj
2	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 sponges	advmod
4	sponges	sponge	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eat	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 friend	punct
6	like	like	ADP	_	9 friend	case
7	SpongeBob	SpongeBob	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 friend	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 SpongeBob	case
9	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 does	nsubj
10	Patrick	Patrick	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 friend	appos
11	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 eat	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Starfish	sponges					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sponge=Patient
2	do	present	SpongeBob's friend						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Starfish never eat anything

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Starfish	starfish	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 eat	advmod
3	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 eat	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not eat	present	Starfish	anything					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/172-coral-reef-builders-polyps-bleaching-sand-from-parrotfish-and-giant-clams/t2/