Test 8 · Reef giants and wanderers: whale sharks, mantas, dugongs a…

«sharks have to keep swimming or they die, all of them» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: sharks · What happens: have, keep, swim, die, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 of lesson 174 «Reef giants and wanderers: whale sharks, mantas, dugongs and sea turtles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct
2	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 keep	mark
5	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 have	xcomp
6	swimming	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 keep	xcomp
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 die	cc
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 die	nsubj
9	die	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 have	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 all	punct
11	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	9 die	conj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 them	case
13	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 all	nmod
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 die	punct
15	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	17 right	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 right	cop
17	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 die	parataxis
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	have in a quote	present	sharks		tree rules
2	keep in a quote	to-infinitive	sharks not said here		tree rules
3	swim in a quote	gerund	sharks not said here		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	die in a quote	present	sharks = shark		vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
5	is	present		right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Yes, sharks never sleep at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 sleep	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 sleep	nsubj
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 sleep	advmod
5	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 sleep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not sleep	present	sharks			all			vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Not all: some reef sharks can rest on the sea floor and still breathe

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	2 all	advmod
2	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 rest	punct
4	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	6 sharks	det
5	reef	reef	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sharks	compound
6	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 rest	nsubj
7	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 rest	aux
8	rest	rest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 all	parataxis
9	on	on	ADP	_	12 floor	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 floor	det
11	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 floor	compound
12	floor	floor	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 rest	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 breathe	cc
14	still	still	ADV	_	15 breathe	advmod
15	breathe	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 rest	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rest	can	some reef sharks			the sea floor			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on floor=Location
2	breathe	infinitive	some reef sharks not said here				still		vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Yes, every shark dies if it stops

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 dies	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	4 shark	det
4	shark	shark	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 dies	nsubj
5	dies	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	if	if	SCONJ	_	8 stops	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 stops	nsubj
8	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 dies	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	die	present	every shark						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
2	stop a condition, not said to happen	present	shark						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 4

No, sharks breathe air at the surface

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 breathe	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 breathe	nsubj
4	breathe	breathe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 breathe	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 surface	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 surface	det
8	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 breathe	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	breathe	present	sharks	air		the surface			vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/174-reef-giants-and-wanderers-whale-sharks-mantas-dugongs-and-sea-turtles/t8/