Test 11 · ★ · Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a se…

Which bird could find its way in a pitch-black cave?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: bird · What happens: find · To what, where: way, black cave

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 179 «Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a sealed cave» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 bird	det
2	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 find	nsubj
3	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 find	aux
4	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 way	nmod:poss
6	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 find	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	12 cave	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 cave	det
9	pitch	pitch	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 black	compound
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	9 pitch	punct
11	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 cave	amod
12	cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 find	obl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 find	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	could	which bird	bird's way		a black cave			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A cave swiftlet, by clicking

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 swiftlet	det
2	cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 swiftlet	compound
3	swiftlet	swiftlet	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 swiftlet	punct
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 clicking	mark
6	clicking	click	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 swiftlet	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	click	gerund	a cave swiftlet not said here						vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

An ostrich, by running very fast

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 ostrich	det
2	ostrich	ostrich	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 running	punct
4	by	by	SCONJ	_	5 running	mark
5	running	run	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 ostrich	conj
6	very	very	ADV	_	7 fast	advmod
7	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 running	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	gerund						fast property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

A pigeon, by its sense of smell

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 pigeon	det
2	pigeon	pigeon	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 sense	punct
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 sense	case
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 sense	nmod:poss
6	sense	sense	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pigeon	appos
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 smell	case
8	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sense	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sense		pigeon	smell					nom sense «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient

Option 4

A chicken, by its sharp eyesight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 chicken	det
2	chicken	chicken	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 eyesight	punct
4	by	by	ADP	_	7 eyesight	case
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 eyesight	nmod:poss
6	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 eyesight	amod
7	eyesight	eyesight	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 chicken	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/t11/