Test 2 · Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kaka…

«my cousin says komodo dragons kill with dirty spit, all germs innit» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: cousin, komodo dragons · What happens: say, kill, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 2 of lesson 181 «Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kakapos, giants and dwarfs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct
2	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 cousin	nmod:poss
3	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	komodo	komodo	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dragons	compound
6	dragons	dragon	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 kill	nsubj
7	kill	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 says	ccomp
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 spit	case
9	dirty	dirty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 spit	amod
10	spit	spit	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 kill	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 innit	punct
12	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	13 germs	det
13	germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 innit	compound
14	innit	innit	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 spit	conj
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 kill	punct
16	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 right	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 right	cop
18	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 kill	parataxis
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert in a quote	present	my cousin		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	kill in a quote	present	komodo dragons	with dirty spit and germs innit	tree rules
3	is	present		right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Yes, and they have no teeth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 have	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 have	punct
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 have	cc
4	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 have	nsubj
5	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 teeth	det
7	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	they	no teeth					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient

Option 2

No, they kill by breathing fire

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 kill	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 kill	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 kill	nsubj
4	kill	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 breathing	mark
6	breathing	breathe	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 kill	advcl
7	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 breathing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kill	present	they						vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	breathe	gerund	they not said here	fire					vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, they have venom glands in their jaws that stop blood clotting

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 have	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 have	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 have	nsubj
4	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	venom	venom	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 glands	compound
6	glands	gland	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 jaws	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 jaws	nmod:poss
9	jaws	jaw	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	obl
10	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 stop	nsubj
11	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 jaws	acl:relcl
12	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 clotting	compound
13	clotting	clotting	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 stop	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	they	venom glands		glands's jaws			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gland=Patient
2	stop	present	glands's jaws	blood clotting					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality clotting=Eventuality

Option 4

Yes, it is only the germs from old meat in their mouths

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 germs	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 germs	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 germs	cop
5	only	only	ADV	_	7 germs	advmod
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 germs	det
7	germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 meat	case
9	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 meat	amod
10	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 germs	nmod
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 mouths	case
12	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 mouths	nmod:poss
13	mouths	mouth	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 meat	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	the germs		old meat in germs's mouths			tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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