Test 10 · ★★ · Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest

Which tiny animal has one of the fastest movements of any animal?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: tiny animal · What happens: have, move · To what, where: one, animal

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 185 «Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	3 animal	det
2	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 animal	amod
3	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 has	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 movements	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 movements	det
8	fastest	fast	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 movements	amod
9	movements	movement	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 one	nmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 animal	case
11	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	12 animal	det
12	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 movements	nmod
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	which tiny animal	one of the fastest movements of any animal					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient
2	move			any animal					nom movement «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A tortoise walking

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 walking	det
2	tortoise	tortoise	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 walking	compound
3	walking	walking	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

A sloth climbing slowly up a tall tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 sloth	det
2	sloth	sloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	climbing	climb	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 sloth	acl
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	3 climbing	advmod
5	up	up	ADP	_	8 tree	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 tree	det
7	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 tree	amod
8	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 climbing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	climb	gerund	a sloth not said here			a tall tree		slowly property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme up tree=Trajectory

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

A soldier termite snapping its jaws

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 termite	det
2	soldier	soldier	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 termite	compound
3	termite	termite	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	snapping	snap	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 termite	acl
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 jaws	nmod:poss
6	jaws	jaw	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 snapping	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	snap	gerund	a soldier termite not said here	termite's jaws					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location jaw=Theme

Option 4

A jellyfish drifting in the sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 jellyfish	det
2	jellyfish	jellyfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	drifting	drift	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 jellyfish	acl
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 sea	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sea	det
6	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drifting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drift	gerund	a jellyfish not said here			the sea			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sea=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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