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Test 2 · ★★ · Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest

In Zootopia a sloth named Flash works painfully slowly. Why are real sloths slow?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: sloth · What happens: name, work, be · To what, where: sloth, real sloths

This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 185 «Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In Zootopia a sloth named Flash works painfully slowly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 Zootopia	case
2	Zootopia	Zootopia	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 works	obl
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 sloth	det
4	sloth	sloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 works	nsubj
5	named	name	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 sloth	acl
6	Flash	Flash	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 named	xcomp
7	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	painfully	painfully	ADV	_	9 slowly	advmod
9	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	7 works	advmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 works	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	name	participle		a sloth not said here					vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	work	present	a sloth					in Zootopia; slowly property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in zootopia=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why are real sloths slow?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sloths	cop
3	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 sloths	amod
4	sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 slow	nsubj
5	slow	slow	ADV	PronType=Int	1 Why	conj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		real sloths					tree rules

The options

Option 1

They are lazy on purpose

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 lazy	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lazy	cop
3	lazy	lazy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 purpose	case
5	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lazy	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They			purpose		lazy property	tree rules

Option 2

They have no muscles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 muscles	det
4	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	They	no muscles					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent muscle=Patient

Option 3

They are always sleepy from drinking coffee, which grows in the jungle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 sleepy	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sleepy	cop
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 sleepy	advmod
4	sleepy	sleepy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	from	from	SCONJ	_	6 drinking	mark
6	drinking	drink	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 sleepy	advcl
7	coffee	coffee	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 drinking	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 grows	punct
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 grows	nsubj
10	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 coffee	acl:relcl
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 jungle	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 jungle	det
13	jungle	jungle	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 grows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					always, sleepy property	tree rules
2	drink	gerund	They not said here	coffee					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coffee=Patient
3	grow	present	coffee			the jungle			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in jungle=Location

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Their leafy food gives little energy, and slowness hides them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 food	nmod:poss
2	leafy	leafy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 food	amod
3	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gives	nsubj
4	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 energy	amod
6	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gives	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 hides	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 hides	cc
9	slowness	slowness	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 hides	nsubj
10	hides	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 gives	conj
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 hides	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present	Their leafy food	little energy					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme
2	hide	present	slowness	them = they					vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest/t2/