Test 8 · ★★ · Record-breakers: the biggest and the smallest

«a bird lays eggs the size of peas? no way» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: bird, way · What happens: lay, be · To what, where: eggs

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 186 «Record-breakers: the biggest and the smallest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 lays	punct
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 bird	det
3	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lays	nsubj
4	lays	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lays	obj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 size	det
7	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lays	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 peas	case
9	peas	pea	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 size	nmod
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	12 way	punct
11	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	12 way	det
12	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lays	obl
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 way	punct
14	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	16 right	nsubj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 right	cop
16	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 way	acl:relcl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 lays	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lay in a quote	present	a bird	eggs				no way obl	vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent egg=Theme size=Destination
2	is	present	no way					right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Only snakes lay small eggs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	2 snakes	advmod
2	snakes	snake	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lay	nsubj
3	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 eggs	amod
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lay	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lay	present	snakes	small eggs					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result

Option 2

No bird egg is smaller than a chicken's

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	3 egg	det
2	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 egg	compound
3	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 smaller	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 smaller	cop
5	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
6	than	than	ADP	_	8 chicken	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 chicken	det
8	chicken	chicken	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 smaller	obl
9	's	's	PART	_	8 chicken	case

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	no bird egg					than a chicken; small property	tree rules

Option 3

It is a beetle, not a bird

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 beetle	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 beetle	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 beetle	det
4	beetle	beetle	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 bird	punct
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 bird	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 bird	det
8	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 beetle	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a beetle and a bird					tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The bee hummingbird does, it is the smallest bird

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 hummingbird	det
2	bee	bee	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hummingbird	compound
3	hummingbird	hummingbird	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 does	nsubj
4	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 bird	punct
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 bird	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 bird	cop
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 bird	det
9	smallest	small	ADJ	Degree=Sup	10 bird	amod
10	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 does	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	the bee hummingbird						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	hummingbird	the smallest bird					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/186-record-breakers-the-biggest-and-the-smallest/t8/