Test 9 · ★★ · Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds

«greyhound in a flat? are you mad, it'll need running all day» What is the surprise?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: greyhound · What happens: be, need, run · To what, where: surprise · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 192 «Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 greyhound	punct
2	greyhound	greyhound	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 mad	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 flat	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 flat	det
5	flat	flat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 greyhound	nmod
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 greyhound	punct
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 mad	cop
8	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 mad	nsubj
9	mad	mad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 need	punct
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 need	nsubj
12	'll	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 need	aux
13	need	need	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 mad	parataxis
14	running	run	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 need	xcomp
15	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	16 day	det
16	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 running	obl:unmarked
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	13 need	punct
18	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	21 surprise	nsubj
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 surprise	cop
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 surprise	det
21	surprise	surprise	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 need	parataxis
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	9 mad	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	greyhound in a flat			mad property	tree rules
2	need in a quote	future	greyhound				vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	run not said to happen, in a quote	gerund	greyhound not said here		day		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	is a	present		the surprise			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Greyhounds never sleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Greyhounds	greyhound	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sleep	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 sleep	advmod
3	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not sleep	present	Greyhounds						vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Greyhounds can only live on racetracks with other racing dogs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Greyhounds	greyhound	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 live	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 live	aux
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 live	advmod
4	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 racetracks	case
6	racetracks	racetrack	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 live	obl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 dogs	case
8	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 dogs	amod
9	racing	racing	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 dogs	compound
10	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 live	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	can	Greyhounds			racetracks		with other racing dogs	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with dog=Location

Option 3

Yes, it must run for hours every day or it will become ill and sad

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 run	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 run	nsubj
4	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 run	aux
5	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 hours	case
7	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 run	obl
8	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	9 day	det
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 run	obl:unmarked
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 become	cc
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 become	nsubj
12	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 become	aux
13	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 run	conj
14	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 become	xcomp
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 sad	cc
16	sad	sad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 ill	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	must	it				day; hour		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	become	future	it					ill property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Greyhounds are sprinters and sleep most of the day at home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Greyhounds	greyhound	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sprinters	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 sprinters	cop
3	sprinters	sprinter	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 sleep	cc
5	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 sprinters	conj
6	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 sleep	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 day	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 day	det
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 most	nmod
10	at	at	ADP	_	11 home	case
11	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sleep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Greyhounds	sprinters					tree rules
2	sleep	present	Greyhounds not said here	most of the day		home			vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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