Exam question 3 · How a dog thinks: a world of smells, sounds and faces

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the colour vision of the dog with respect to a red object upon green grass?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: colour vision

This is exam question 3 of lesson 193 «How a dog thinks: a world of smells, sounds and faces» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 vision	det
10	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 vision	compound
11	vision	vision	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 dog	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 dog	det
14	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 vision	nmod
15	with	with	ADP	_	16 respect	case
16	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 dog	nmod
17	to	to	ADP	_	20 object	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 object	det
19	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 object	amod
20	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
21	upon	upon	ADP	_	23 grass	case
22	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 grass	amod
23	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 object	nmod
24	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the colour vision of the dog with respect				of the following statements; to a red object upon green grass; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The object appears blue

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 object	det
2	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 appears	nsubj
3	appears	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 appears	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	appear	present	the object					blue property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

The object is invisible in all conditions

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 object	det
2	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 invisible	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 invisible	cop
4	invisible	invisible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 conditions	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 conditions	det
7	conditions	condition	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 invisible	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the object			all conditions		invisible property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The object appears greyish and is difficult to distinguish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 object	det
2	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 appears	nsubj
3	appears	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	greyish	greyish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 appears	xcomp
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 difficult	cc
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 difficult	cop
7	difficult	difficult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 appears	conj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 distinguish	mark
9	distinguish	distinguish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 difficult	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	appear	present	the object	greyish property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	the object not said here	difficult property	tree rules
3	distinguish	to-infinitive	the object not said here		vn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

The object appears more vivid than to a human

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 object	det
2	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 appears	nsubj
3	appears	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 vivid	advmod
5	vivid	vivid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 appears	xcomp
6	than	than	ADP	_	9 human	case
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 human	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 human	det
9	human	human	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 vivid	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	appear	present	the object					vivid property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/193-how-a-dog-thinks-smells-sounds-and-faces/e3/