Exam question 2 · The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy

Identify the principal reason for which the three-toed sloth moves with such deliberation.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, toed sloth · What happens: identify, move · To what, where: principal reason

This is exam question 2 of lesson 2 «The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 moves	obl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sloth	det
8	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 toed	nummod
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 three	punct
10	toed	toed	ADJ	_	11 sloth	amod
11	sloth	sloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 moves	nsubj
12	moves	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl
13	with	with	ADP	_	15 deliberation	case
14	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 deliberation	amod
15	deliberation	deliberation	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 moves	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	move	present	the toed sloth					for the principal reason; with such deliberation	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Its limbs are habitually injured by the prolonged suspension of the body from branches

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 limbs	nmod:poss
2	limbs	limb	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 injured	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 injured	aux:pass
4	habitually	habitually	ADV	_	5 injured	advmod
5	injured	injure	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	9 suspension	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 suspension	det
8	prolonged	prolong	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 suspension	amod
9	suspension	suspension	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 injured	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 body	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 body	det
12	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 suspension	nmod
13	from	from	ADP	_	14 branches	case
14	branches	branch	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 injured	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	injure	present · passive	the prolonged suspension of the body	Its limbs		branches		habitually property	tree rules
2	prolong	participle							vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent

Option 2

It is incapable of perceiving its surroundings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 incapable	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 incapable	cop
3	incapable	incapable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	SCONJ	_	5 perceiving	mark
5	perceiving	perceive	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 incapable	advcl
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 surroundings	nmod:poss
7	surroundings	surroundings	NOUN	Number=Ptan	5 perceiving	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					incapable property	tree rules
2	perceive	gerund		its surroundings					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer surroundings=Stimulus

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Its diet of foliage yields little energy, and stillness furthermore assists its concealment

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 diet	nmod:poss
2	diet	diet	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 assists	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 yields	case
4	foliage	foliage	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 yields	compound
5	yields	yield	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 diet	nmod
6	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 energy	amod
7	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 yields	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 assists	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 assists	cc
10	stillness	stillness	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 assists	nsubj
11	furthermore	furthermore	ADV	_	12 assists	advmod
12	assists	assist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 concealment	nmod:poss
14	concealment	concealment	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 assists	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	assist	present	Its diet of foliage yields and little energy	stillness's concealment				furthermore property	vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent concealment=Beneficiary
2	conceal		stillness						nom concealment «state transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

It is perpetually asleep throughout daylight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 asleep	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 asleep	cop
3	perpetually	perpetually	ADV	_	4 asleep	advmod
4	asleep	asleep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	6 daylight	case
6	daylight	daylight	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 asleep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It				throughout daylight	asleep, perpetually property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/e2/