Test 12 · ★★ · Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory myth

«the big one keeps chasing the little one non stop» What should you think?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: big one, little one, you · What happens: keep, chase, stop, think · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 12 · ★★ of lesson 204 «Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 keeps	punct
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 one	det
3	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 one	amod
4	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 keeps	nsubj
5	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	chasing	chase	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 keeps	xcomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 one	det
8	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 one	amod
9	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 stop	nsubj
10	non	non	ADV	_	11 stop	compound
11	stop	stop	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 chasing	ccomp
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 keeps	punct
13	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	16 think	obj
14	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	16 think	aux
15	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	16 think	nsubj
16	think	think	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 keeps	conj
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 keeps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	roles by
1	keep in a quote	present	the big one	tree rules
2	chase in a quote	gerund	the big one not said here	vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent
3	stop in a quote		the little one	tree rules
4	think speech: other	should	you	vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is always just a game, even if the little one never gets a rest

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 game	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 game	cop
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	6 game	advmod
4	just	just	ADV	_	6 game	advmod
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 game	det
6	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 gets	punct
8	even	even	ADV	_	14 gets	advmod
9	if	if	SCONJ	_	14 gets	mark
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 one	det
11	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 one	amod
12	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 gets	nsubj
13	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	14 gets	advmod
14	gets	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 game	parataxis
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 rest	det
16	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 gets	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a game				always property	tree rules
2	not get a condition, not said to happen	present	the little one	a rest					vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rest=Stimulus

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

The little one is the boss

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 one	det
2	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 one	amod
3	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 boss	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 boss	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 boss	det
6	boss	boss	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the little one	the boss					tree rules

Option 3

They are in love

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 love	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 love	cop
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 love	case
4	love	love	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They			love			tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Some chasing is normal, but non-stop chasing is bullying

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	2 chasing	det
2	chasing	chasing	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 normal	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 normal	cop
4	normal	normal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 bullying	punct
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	10 bullying	cc
7	non-stop	non-stop	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 chasing	det
8	chasing	chasing	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bullying	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 bullying	aux
10	bullying	bully	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 normal	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	some chasing					normal property	tree rules
2	bully	present · progressive	non-stop chasing						vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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