Test 12 · ★ · Budgies and canaries

«why did old miners take a little yellow bird down the pit» What is the answer?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: old miners · What happens: do, take, be · To what, where: little yellow bird, answer · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 12 · ★ of lesson 205 «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 did	punct
2	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	3 did	advmod
3	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 answer	csubj
4	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 miners	amod
5	miners	miner	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 take	nsubj
6	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 did	ccomp
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 bird	det
8	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 bird	amod
9	yellow	yellow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 bird	amod
10	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 take	obj
11	down	down	ADP	_	13 pit	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 pit	det
13	pit	pit	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 take	obl
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 did	punct
15	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 answer	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 answer	cop
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 answer	det
18	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	18 answer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	do in a quote	past					tree rules
2	take in a quote	present	old miners		a little yellow bird	down the pit	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument bird=Destination
3	be speech: assert	present		the answer			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It sang to keep them awake

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sang	nsubj
2	sang	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 keep	mark
4	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 sang	xcomp
5	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 keep	obj
6	awake	awake	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 keep	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	past	It						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	keep	to-infinitive		them = they				awake property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

Option 2

It ate the rats

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 ate	nsubj
2	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 rats	det
4	rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 ate	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	past	It	the rats					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rat=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It was harmed by bad gas before people noticed it, so it warned them

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 harmed	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 harmed	aux:pass
3	harmed	harm	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 gas	case
5	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 gas	amod
6	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 harmed	obl
7	before	before	SCONJ	_	9 noticed	mark
8	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 noticed	nsubj
9	noticed	notice	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 harmed	advcl
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 noticed	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 warned	punct
12	so	so	ADV	_	14 warned	advmod
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 warned	nsubj
14	warned	warn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 harmed	conj
15	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 warned	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	harm	past · passive	bad gas	It		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer
2	notice	past	people	gas		vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
3	warn speech: warn	past	gas		people	vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient

Option 4

It found coal for them by tapping on the rock walls with its little beak

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 found	nsubj
2	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	coal	coal	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 found	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 them	case
5	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 found	obl
6	by	by	SCONJ	_	7 tapping	mark
7	tapping	tap	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 found	advcl
8	on	on	ADP	_	11 walls	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 walls	det
10	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 walls	compound
11	walls	wall	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 tapping	obl
12	with	with	ADP	_	15 beak	case
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 beak	nmod:poss
14	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 beak	amod
15	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 tapping	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	past	It	coal				for them = they	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent coal=Theme for they=Beneficiary
2	tap	gerund				the rock walls		with coal's little beak	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP PP»: agent=Agent with beak=Instrument

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/t12/