Test 1 · ★ · Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in he…

«my cousin says horses never sleep cos they're always standing lol» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: cousin, horses · What happens: say, not sleep, stand, be · To what, where: horses · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 207 «Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in herds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct
2	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 cousin	nmod:poss
3	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 says	obj
6	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	7 sleep	advmod
7	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 says	ccomp
8	cos	cos	SCONJ	_	12 standing	mark
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 standing	nsubj
10	're	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 standing	aux
11	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	12 standing	advmod
12	standing	stand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 sleep	advcl
13	lol	lol	INTJ	_	7 sleep	discourse
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 sleep	punct
15	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	17 right	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 right	cop
17	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 sleep	parataxis
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert in a quote	present	my cousin	horses		tree rules
2	not sleep in a quote	present				tree rules
3	stand in a quote	present · progressive	horses = horse		always property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is	present			right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They never sleep at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 sleep	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 sleep	advmod
3	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 all	case
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 sleep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not sleep	present	They			all			vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

They only sleep in water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 sleep	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 sleep	advmod
3	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 water	case
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sleep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sleep	present	They			water			vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in water=Location

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They doze standing up but lie down for short deep sleeps

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 doze	nsubj
2	doze	doze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 doze	xcomp
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 standing	compound:prt
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	6 lie	cc
6	lie	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 doze	conj
7	down	down	ADP	_	6 lie	compound:prt
8	for	for	ADP	_	11 sleeps	case
9	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 sleeps	amod
10	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 sleeps	amod
11	sleeps	sleep	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 lie	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	doze	present	They		tree rules
2	stand up	gerund	They not said here		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	lie down	infinitive	They not said here	for short deep sleeps	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

They sleep standing for a whole week, then lie down for one long night

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sleep	nsubj
2	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 sleep	xcomp
4	for	for	ADP	_	7 week	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 week	det
6	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 week	amod
7	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 standing	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 lie	punct
9	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	10 lie	advmod
10	lie	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 sleep	conj
11	down	down	ADP	_	10 lie	compound:prt
12	for	for	ADP	_	15 night	case
13	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	15 night	nummod
14	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 night	amod
15	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 lie	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	roles by
1	sleep	present	They		tree rules
2	stand	gerund	They not said here	week	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	lie down	infinitive	They not said here	then; night	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds/t1/