Test 2 · ★ · Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in he…

«gave the pony my whole bag of sugar lumps, he loved it» What is the problem?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: pony · What happens: give, love, be · To what, where: whole bag, pony, bag, problem

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 207 «Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in herds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 gave	punct
2	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 pony	det
4	pony	pony	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gave	obj
5	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 bag	nmod:poss
6	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 bag	amod
7	bag	bag	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gave	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 lumps	case
9	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 lumps	compound
10	lumps	lump	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 bag	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 loved	punct
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 loved	nsubj
13	loved	love	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 gave	parataxis
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 loved	obj
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	13 loved	punct
16	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	19 problem	obj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 problem	cop
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 problem	det
19	problem	problem	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gave	obj
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	give in a quote	past		my whole bag of sugar lumps	the pony	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent pony=Recipient bag=Theme
2	love in a quote	past	pony	bag		vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
3	is a	present		the problem		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Sugar makes horses sleep standing up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 makes	obj
4	sleep	sleep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 makes	xcomp
5	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 sleep	xcomp
6	up	up	ADP	_	5 standing	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	make	present	Sugar	horses	tree rules
2	sleep	infinitive	horses not said here		tree rules
3	stand up	gerund	horses not said here		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Nothing, sugar is a horse's best food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 sugar	compound
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 food	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 food	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 horse	det
6	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 food	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 horse	case
8	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 food	amod
9	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Nothing sugar	a horse's best food					tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Too much sugar harms horses' teeth and feet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Too	too	ADV	_	2 much	advmod
2	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sugar	amod
3	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 harms	nsubj
4	harms	harm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 teeth	nmod:poss
6	'	's	PART	_	5 horses	case
7	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 harms	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 feet	cc
9	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 teeth	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	harm	present	much sugar	horses's teeth and feet					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus tooth=Experiencer

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Sugar makes ponies grow too tall

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	ponies	pony	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 makes	obj
4	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 makes	xcomp
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 tall	advmod
6	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 makes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Sugar	ponies				tall property	tree rules
2	grow	infinitive	ponies not said here						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds/t2/