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Test 11 · ★ · Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in he…

In My Little Pony the ponies have wings, horns and bright pink manes. What is true of real ponies?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ponies · What happens: have, be · To what, where: wings

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 207 «Horses and ponies: how they eat, see, sleep and live in herds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In My Little Pony the ponies have wings, horns and bright pink manes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 Pony	case
2	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 Pony	nmod:poss
3	Little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 Pony	amod
4	Pony	Pony	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 have	obl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ponies	det
6	ponies	pony	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 have	nsubj
7	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 have	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 horns	punct
10	horns	horn	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 wings	conj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 manes	cc
12	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 manes	amod
13	pink	pink	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 manes	amod
14	manes	manis	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 wings	conj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	the ponies	wings and horns and bright pink manes				in My Little Pony	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wing=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true of real ponies?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 ponies	case
5	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 ponies	amod
6	ponies	pony	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 true	obl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						of real ponies; true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They are young horses that later grow wings and horns when they are older

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 horses	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 horses	cop
3	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 horses	amod
4	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 grow	obj
6	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 grow	advmod
7	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 horses	acl:relcl
8	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 grow	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 horns	cc
10	horns	horn	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 wings	conj
11	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	14 older	advmod
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 older	nsubj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 older	cop
14	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 grow	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	young horses					tree rules
2	grow	present		young horses				late property	vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP PP»: agent=Agent that=Beneficiary wing=Product
3	is	present	wings = wing					old property	tree rules

Option 2

They are a kind of unicorn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 kind	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 kind	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 kind	det
4	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 unicorn	case
6	unicorn	unicorn	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 kind	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	a kind				of unicorn	tree rules

Option 3

They live only on rainbows

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 live	nsubj
2	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 rainbows	advmod
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 rainbows	case
5	rainbows	rainbow	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 live	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	They			rainbows			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on rainbow=Location

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

They are short, sturdy horses with ordinary coats and manes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 short	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 short	cop
3	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 horses	punct
5	sturdy	sturdy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 horses	amod
6	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 short	obl
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 coats	case
8	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 coats	amod
9	coats	coat	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 horses	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 manes	cc
11	manes	manis	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 horses	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					sturdy horses with ordinary coats and manes obl; short property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/207-horses-and-ponies-how-they-eat-see-sleep-and-live-in-herds/t11/