Exam question 1 · Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donkeys and mu…
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the attachment of a horseshoe?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, attach · To what, where: attachment, horseshoe
This is exam question 1 of lesson 208 «Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donkeys and mules» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 characterises | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 statements | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 statements | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 statements | amod |
| 5 | statements | statement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 characterises | obl |
| 6 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 7 accurately | advmod |
| 7 | accurately | accurately | ADV | _ | 8 characterises | advmod |
| 8 | characterises | characteris | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 attachment | det |
| 10 | attachment | attachment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 characterises | obj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 horseshoe | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 horseshoe | det |
| 13 | horseshoe | horseshoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 attachment | nmod |
| 14 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 characterises | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | characteris | present | the attachment of a horseshoe | of the following statements; accurately property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | attach | a horseshoe | nom attachment «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Nails are driven into the hoof wall, which is insensible in the manner of a fingernail
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nails | nail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 driven | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 driven | aux:pass |
| 3 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 wall | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 wall | det |
| 6 | hoof | hoof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wall | compound |
| 7 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 driven | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 insensible | punct |
| 9 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 insensible | nsubj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 insensible | cop |
| 11 | insensible | insensible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 wall | amod |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 manner | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 manner | det |
| 14 | manner | manner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 insensible | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 fingernail | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 fingernail | det |
| 17 | fingernail | fingernail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 manner | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drive | present · passive | Nails | the hoof wall | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme into wall=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the hoof wall | the manner of a fingernail | insensible property | tree rules |
Option 2
The procedure is invariably painful to the animal
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 procedure | det |
| 2 | procedure | procedure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 painful | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 painful | cop |
| 4 | invariably | invariably | ADV | _ | 5 painful | advmod |
| 5 | painful | painful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 animal | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 animal | det |
| 8 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 painful | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the procedure | to the animal; invariably, painful property | tree rules |
Option 3
Horseshoes are attached by means of the animal's own teeth
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Horseshoes | horseshoe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 attached | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 attached | aux:pass |
| 3 | attached | attach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 means | nsubj |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 3 attached | obl |
| 5 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 teeth | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 animal | det |
| 8 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 teeth | nmod:poss |
| 9 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 8 animal | case |
| 10 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 teeth | amod |
| 11 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 means | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | attach | present · passive | Horseshoes | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | mean | present | of the animal's own teeth | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
Option 4
The shoe is affixed to the soft frog
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 shoe | det |
| 2 | shoe | shoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 affixed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 affixed | aux:pass |
| 4 | affixed | affix | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 frog | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 frog | det |
| 7 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 frog | amod |
| 8 | frog | frog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 affixed | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | affix | present · passive | the shoe | to the soft frog | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Patient to frog=Co-Patient |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules/e1/