Exam question 4 · Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donkeys and mu…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the mule.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, mule

This is exam question 4 of lesson 208 «Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donkeys and mules» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 mule	det
11	mule	mule	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the mule		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus mule=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is the offspring of two horses

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 offspring	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 offspring	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 offspring	det
4	offspring	offspring	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 horses	case
6	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 horses	nummod
7	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 offspring	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the offspring				of two horses	tree rules

Option 2

It reproduces more readily than either parent

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 reproduces	nsubj
2	reproduces	reproduce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 readily	advmod
4	readily	readily	ADV	_	2 reproduces	advmod
5	than	than	ADP	_	7 parent	case
6	either	either	DET	PronType=Ind	7 parent	det
7	parent	parent	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 readily	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reproduce	present	It					readily property	vn birth-28.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is the offspring of a donkey and a horse, being strong yet almost invariably unable to breed

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 offspring	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 offspring	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 offspring	det
4	offspring	offspring	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 donkey	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 donkey	det
7	donkey	donkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 offspring	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 horse	cc
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 horse	det
10	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 donkey	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 strong	punct
12	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 strong	cop
13	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 offspring	parataxis
14	yet	yet	ADV	_	13 strong	advmod
15	almost	almost	ADV	_	16 invariably	advmod
16	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	17 unable	advmod
17	unable	unable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 strong	conj
18	to	to	PART	_	19 breed	mark
19	breed	breed	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 unable	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the offspring		of a donkey and a horse	tree rules
2	is	gerund			yet	strong property	tree rules
3	be					invariably property	tree rules
4	breed	to-infinitive					tree rules

Option 4

It is a young donkey of either sex

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 donkey	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 donkey	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 donkey	det
4	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 donkey	amod
5	donkey	donkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 sex	case
7	either	either	DET	PronType=Ind	8 sex	det
8	sex	sex	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 donkey	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a young donkey				of either sex	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules/e4/