Exam question 1 · Elephants: the trunk and everything it does
Identify the anatomical structures from whose union the proboscis of the elephant is understood to have arisen.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, anatomical structures · What happens: identify, understand, arise · To what, where: anatomical structures, union, proboscis
This is exam question 1 of lesson 21 «Elephants: the trunk and everything it does» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Identify | identify | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 structures | det |
| 3 | anatomical | anatomical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 structures | amod |
| 4 | structures | structure | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Identify | obj |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 7 union | case |
| 6 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 7 union | nmod:poss |
| 7 | union | union | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 structures | nmod |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 proboscis | det |
| 9 | proboscis | proboscis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 understood | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 elephant | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 elephant | det |
| 12 | elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 proboscis | nmod |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 understood | aux:pass |
| 14 | understood | understand | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 structures | acl:relcl |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 arisen | mark |
| 16 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 17 arisen | aux |
| 17 | arisen | arise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 understood | advcl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Identify | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | identify | imperative | you not said here | the anatomical structures | the anatomical structures's union | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent structure=Theme | |||
| 2 | understand | present · passive | the anatomical structures not said here | the proboscis of the elephant | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | arise | to-infinitive · perfect | the anatomical structures not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
The cheeks and the chin
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 cheeks | det |
| 2 | cheeks | cheek | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 chin | cc |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 chin | det |
| 5 | chin | chin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 cheeks | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
The nose and the lower jaw
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 nose | det |
| 2 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 jaw | cc |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 jaw | det |
| 5 | lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 6 jaw | amod |
| 6 | jaw | jaw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 nose | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
The upper lip and the tongue
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 lip | det |
| 2 | upper | upper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 lip | amod |
| 3 | lip | lip | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 tongue | cc |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 tongue | det |
| 6 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lip | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
The nose and the upper lip
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 nose | det |
| 2 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 lip | cc |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 lip | det |
| 5 | upper | upper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 lip | amod |
| 6 | lip | lip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 nose | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/21-elephants-the-trunk/e1/