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Test 4 · Elephants: the trunk and everything it does

My mate reckons the trunk is full of bones like a finger. Is he right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, trunk · What happens: reckon, be

This is test 4 of lesson 21 «Elephants: the trunk and everything it does» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: My mate reckons the trunk is full of bones like a finger.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reckons	nsubj
3	reckons	reckon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 trunk	det
5	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 full	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 full	cop
7	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 reckons	ccomp
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 bones	case
9	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 full	obl
10	like	like	ADP	_	12 finger	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 finger	det
12	finger	finger	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 bones	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 reckons	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reckon	present	My mate						vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	the trunk					of bones like a finger; full property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is he right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	mate					right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, it has one bone like a long finger

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 has	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 bone	nummod
6	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	obj
7	like	like	ADP	_	10 finger	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 finger	det
9	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 finger	amod
10	finger	finger	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bone	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	it	one bone				like a long finger	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bone=Patient

Option 2

Yes, it has about 100 small bones

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 has	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	about	about	ADV	_	6 100	advmod
6	100	100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 bones	nummod
7	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 bones	amod
8	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	it	100 small bones					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bone=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

No, it is all muscle with no bones at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 muscle	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 muscle	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 muscle	cop
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 muscle	det
6	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 bones	case
8	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	9 bones	det
9	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 muscle	nmod
10	at	at	ADP	_	11 all	case
11	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 muscle	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	all muscle		all		with no bones	tree rules

Option 4

No, it is hollow and filled only with air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 hollow	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 hollow	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 hollow	cop
5	hollow	hollow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 filled	cc
7	filled	fill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 hollow	conj
8	only	only	ADV	_	10 air	advmod
9	with	with	ADP	_	10 air	case
10	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 filled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	it					hollow property	tree rules
2	fill	participle						with air	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with air=Instrument

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/21-elephants-the-trunk/t4/