Exam question 3 · Pigs: mud, snouts and brains

It is given that a so-called mini pig is acquired as a household pet. Ascertain the outcome most frequently reported.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: give, call, acquire, ascertain, report · To what, where: It, mini pig, outcome · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 3 of lesson 210 «Pigs: mud, snouts and brains» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a so-called mini pig is acquired as a household pet.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	12 acquired	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 pig	det
6	so	so	ADV	_	8 called	advmod
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 so	punct
8	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 pig	acl
9	mini	mini	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 pig	amod
10	pig	pig	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 acquired	nsubj:pass
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 acquired	aux:pass
12	acquired	acquire	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
13	as	as	ADP	_	16 pet	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 pet	det
15	household	household	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 pet	compound
16	pet	pet	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 acquired	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive	It		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	call	participle	a mini pig not said here		vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	acquire	present · passive	a mini pig	as a household pet	vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Ascertain the outcome most frequently reported.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 outcome	det
3	outcome	outcome	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	5 frequently	advmod
5	frequently	frequently	ADV	_	6 reported	advmod
6	reported	report	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 outcome	acl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the outcome					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent outcome=Topic
2	report	participle		the outcome not said here				frequently property	vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1

The animal remains permanently the size of a kitten, exactly as the breeders invariably promise

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 remains	nsubj
3	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	permanently	permanently	ADV	_	3 remains	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 size	det
6	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 remains	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 kitten	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 kitten	det
9	kitten	kitten	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 size	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 promise	punct
11	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	16 promise	advmod
12	as	as	SCONJ	_	16 promise	mark
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 breeders	det
14	breeders	breeder	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 promise	nsubj
15	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	16 promise	advmod
16	promise	promise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 remains	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remain	present	the animal	the size of a kitten				permanently property	vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme size=Attribute
2	promise speech: promise	present	the breeders					exactly, invariably property	vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Option 2

The animal diminishes in size with age

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 diminishes	nsubj
3	diminishes	diminish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 size	case
5	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 diminishes	obl
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 age	case
7	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 diminishes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	diminish	present	the animal			size	with age		vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The animal ceases growing upon its arrival

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ceases	nsubj
3	ceases	cease	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	growing	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 ceases	xcomp
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 arrival	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 arrival	nmod:poss
7	arrival	arrival	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 growing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	roles by
1	cease	present	the animal		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	grow	gerund	the animal not said here	animal's arrival	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon arrival=Location
3	arrive		animal		nom arrival «act intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The animal grows considerably larger than promised, frequently to the size of a large dog

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	nsubj
3	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	considerably	considerably	ADV	_	5 larger	advmod
5	larger	large	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 grows	xcomp
6	than	than	SCONJ	_	7 promised	mark
7	promised	promise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 larger	advcl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 size	punct
9	frequently	frequently	ADV	_	12 size	advmod
10	to	to	ADP	_	12 size	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 size	det
12	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	parataxis
13	of	of	ADP	_	16 dog	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 dog	det
15	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 dog	amod
16	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 size	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	the animal					large property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	promise speech: promise	participle	the animal not said here						vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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