Exam question 2 · Worms, snails and slugs

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the consequence of bisecting an earthworm?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: consequence · What happens: follow, characteris, bisect · To what, where: consequence, earthworm

This is exam question 2 of lesson 217 «Worms, snails and slugs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 consequence	det
10	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	SCONJ	_	12 bisecting	mark
12	bisecting	bisect	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 consequence	acl
13	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 earthworm	det
14	earthworm	earthworm	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 bisecting	obj
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the consequence	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	bisect	gerund	the consequence not said here	a earthworm		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent earthworm=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The worm sustains no injury whatsoever, since it possesses no capacity for sensation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 worm	det
2	worm	worm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sustains	nsubj
3	sustains	sustain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 injury	det
5	injury	injury	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sustains	obj
6	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	3 sustains	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 possesses	punct
8	since	since	SCONJ	_	10 possesses	mark
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 possesses	nsubj
10	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 sustains	conj
11	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	12 capacity	det
12	capacity	capacity	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 possesses	obj
13	for	for	ADP	_	14 sensation	case
14	sensation	sensation	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 possesses	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sustain	present	the worm	no injury				whatsoever property	vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent injury=Theme
2	possess	present	worm	no capacity				for sensation	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot capacity=Theme

Option 2

Two complete and independent worms are invariably produced from the halves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 worms	nummod
2	complete	complete	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 worms	amod
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 independent	cc
4	independent	independent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 complete	conj
5	worms	worm	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 produced	nsubj:pass
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 produced	aux:pass
7	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	8 produced	advmod
8	produced	produce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 halves	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 halves	det
11	halves	half	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 produced	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	produce	present · passive		Two complete worms		the halves		invariably property	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from half=Material

Option 3

The two portions subsequently reunite into a single worm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 portions	det
2	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 portions	nummod
3	portions	portion	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 reunite	nsubj
4	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	_	5 reunite	advmod
5	reunite	reunite	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	into	into	ADP	_	9 worm	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 worm	det
8	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 worm	amod
9	worm	worm	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 reunite	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reunite	present	the two portions					into a single worm; subsequently property	vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Two complete worms are not produced, and the posterior portion generally perishes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 worms	nummod
2	complete	complete	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 worms	amod
3	worms	worm	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 produced	nsubj:pass
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 produced	aux:pass
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 produced	advmod
6	produced	produce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 perishes	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 perishes	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 portion	det
10	posterior	posterior	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 portion	amod
11	portion	portion	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 perishes	nsubj
12	generally	generally	ADV	_	13 perishes	advmod
13	perishes	perish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 produced	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not produce	present · passive		Two complete worms					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result
2	perish	present	the posterior portion					generally property	vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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