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Test 8 · ★ · Worms, snails and slugs

You find a pile of broken snail shells round one flat stone. What has probably happened?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: You · What happens: find, break, happen · To what, where: pile

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 217 «Worms, snails and slugs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: You find a pile of broken snail shells round one flat stone.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 find	nsubj
2	find	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 pile	det
4	pile	pile	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 find	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 shells	case
6	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 shells	amod
7	snail	snail	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shells	compound
8	shells	shell	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 pile	nmod
9	round	round	ADP	_	12 stone	case
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 stone	nummod
11	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 stone	amod
12	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shells	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 find	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	present	You	a pile of broken snail shells round one flat stone					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pile=Topic
2	break	participle							vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What has probably happened?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 happened	nsubj
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 happened	aux
3	probably	probably	ADV	_	4 happened	advmod
4	happened	happen	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 happened	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present · perfect						probably property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A thrush has been cracking snails on its anvil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 thrush	det
2	thrush	thrush	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cracking	nsubj
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 cracking	aux
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 cracking	aux
5	cracking	crack	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	snails	snail	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 cracking	obj
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 anvil	case
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 anvil	nmod:poss
9	anvil	anvil	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cracking	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	crack	present · perfect · progressive	a thrush	snails		thrush's anvil			tree rules

Option 2

The snails all crashed into the stone in the dark

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 snails	det
2	snails	snail	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 crashed	nsubj
3	all	all	ADV	_	4 crashed	advmod
4	crashed	crash	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 stone	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 stone	det
7	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 crashed	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 dark	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 dark	det
10	dark	dark	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 crashed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	crash	past	the snails					into the stone result; in the dark; all property	vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into stone=Result

Option 3

The snails left their old shells there to grow new ones

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 snails	det
2	snails	snail	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 left	nsubj
3	left	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 shells	nmod:poss
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 shells	amod
6	shells	shell	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 left	obj
7	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 left	advmod
8	to	to	PART	_	9 grow	mark
9	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 left	advcl
10	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 ones	amod
11	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 grow	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	past	the snails	snails's old shells		there			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Theme
2	grow	to-infinitive	the snails not said here	new ones					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location one=Theme

Option 4

Children threw the snails there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 threw	nsubj
2	threw	throw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 snails	det
4	snails	snail	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 threw	obj
5	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 threw	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	throw	past	Children	the snails		there			vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snail=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/217-worms-snails-and-slugs/t8/