Test 5 · ★ · Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory

What would you expect if poachers kill mostly elephants with big tusks for many years?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, poachers · What happens: expect, kill · To what, where: elephants

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 22 «Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 expect	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 expect	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 expect	nsubj
4	expect	expect	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	if	if	SCONJ	_	7 kill	mark
6	poachers	poacher	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 kill	nsubj
7	kill	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 expect	advcl
8	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	9 elephants	advmod
9	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 kill	obj
10	with	with	ADP	_	12 tusks	case
11	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 tusks	amod
12	tusks	tusk	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 kill	obl
13	for	for	ADP	_	15 years	case
14	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 years	amod
15	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 kill	obl
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 expect	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	expect	would	you						vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme
2	kill a condition, not said to happen	present	poachers	elephants			year	with big tusks	vn murder-42.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent elephant=Patient with tusk=Instrument

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Elephants would start to grow new tusks on their legs and backs instead

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 start	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 start	aux
3	start	start	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 grow	mark
5	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 start	xcomp
6	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 tusks	amod
7	tusks	tusk	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 grow	obj
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 legs	case
9	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 legs	nmod:poss
10	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 grow	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 backs	cc
12	backs	back	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 legs	conj
13	instead	instead	ADV	_	5 grow	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	would	Elephants						vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	grow	to-infinitive	Elephants not said here	new tusks		Elephants's legs and backs		instead property	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tusk=Theme

Option 2

Tusks would grow twice as fast

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tusks	tusk	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grow	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 grow	aux
3	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	3 grow	advmod
5	as	as	ADV	_	6 fast	advmod
6	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 grow	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	would	Tusks					fast, twice property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

More elephants born without tusks, because tuskless ones survived

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	More	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 elephants	amod
2	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 survived	nsubj
3	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 elephants	acl
4	without	without	ADP	_	5 tusks	case
5	tusks	tusk	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 born	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 ones	punct
7	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	9 ones	case
8	tuskless	tuskless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 ones	amod
9	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 elephants	conj
10	survived	survive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	participle		More elephants and tuskless ones not said here				without tusks	vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
2	survive	past	More elephants and tuskless ones						vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Nothing would change at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 change	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 change	aux
3	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 all	case
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 change	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	would	Nothing			all			vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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