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Test 6 · ★ · Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory

An elephant always uses its left tusk to dig, and that tusk is worn shorter. What is this like?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: elephant · What happens: use, dig, wear, be · To what, where: left tusk, tusk, this

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 22 «Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: An elephant always uses its left tusk to dig, and that tusk is worn shorter.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 elephant	det
2	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 uses	nsubj
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 uses	advmod
4	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 tusk	nmod:poss
6	left	left	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 tusk	amod
7	tusk	tusk	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 uses	obj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 dig	mark
9	dig	dig	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 uses	advcl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 worn	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 worn	cc
12	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	13 tusk	det
13	tusk	tusk	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 worn	nsubj:pass
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 worn	aux:pass
15	worn	wear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 uses	conj
16	shorter	short	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	15 worn	xcomp
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 uses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	a elephant	elephant's left tusk				always property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tusk=Patient
2	dig	to-infinitive	a elephant not said here						vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	wear	present · passive		that tusk				short property	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: subject=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is this like?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 this	cop
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	1 What	nsubj
4	like	like	ADP	_	1 What	case
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		this					tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Being colour-blind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 colour	cop
2	colour	colour	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 blind	amod
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 colour	punct
4	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	gerund						colour property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Being left-handed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 left	aux:pass
2	left	left	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 handed	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 left	punct
4	handed	hand	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hand	participle							vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Being a different species

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 species	cop
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 species	det
3	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 species	amod
4	species	species	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	gerund		a different species					tree rules

Option 4

Having a broken leg

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Having	have	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 leg	det
3	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 leg	amod
4	leg	leg	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Having	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	gerund		a broken leg					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient
2	break	participle							vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory/t6/