Exam question 1 · Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins, whales, s…

Identify the anatomical structure through which the returning echoes are conveyed to the ear of a dolphin.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, return, convey · To what, where: anatomical structure, returning echoes, ear

This is exam question 1 of lesson 230 «Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins, whales, swiftlets and clicking humans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 structure	det
3	anatomical	anatomical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 structure	amod
4	structure	structure	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	through	through	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 conveyed	obl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 echoes	det
8	returning	return	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 echoes	amod
9	echoes	echo	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 conveyed	nsubj:pass
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 conveyed	aux:pass
11	conveyed	convey	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 structure	acl:relcl
12	to	to	ADP	_	14 ear	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 ear	det
14	ear	ear	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 conveyed	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 dolphin	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 dolphin	det
17	dolphin	dolphin	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 ear	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the anatomical structure			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent structure=Theme
2	return	gerund					vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	convey	present · passive		the returning echoes	the ear of a dolphin	the anatomical structure	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to ear=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The blowhole

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 blowhole	det
2	blowhole	blowhole	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The lower jaw

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 jaw	det
2	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 jaw	amod
3	jaw	jaw	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

The tail fluke

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fluke	det
2	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fluke	compound
3	fluke	fluke	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

The dorsal fin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fin	det
2	dorsal	dorsal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 fin	amod
3	fin	fin	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/e1/