Test 3 · ★★ · Animal minds: clever crows, ravens, jays and parrots

«that crow's been screaming at me since I poked its nest last year, can't be the same bird» What is most likely?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: crow, I · What happens: scream, poke, not be, be · To what, where: nest, same bird

This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 233 «Animal minds: clever crows, ravens, jays and parrots» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 screaming	punct
2	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 crow	det
3	crow	crow	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 screaming	nsubj
4	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 screaming	aux
5	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 screaming	aux
6	screaming	scream	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 poked	advcl
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 me	case
8	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 screaming	obl
9	since	since	SCONJ	_	11 poked	mark
10	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 poked	nsubj
11	poked	poke	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 nest	nmod:poss
13	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 poked	obj
14	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 year	amod
15	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 poked	obl:unmarked
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 bird	punct
17	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 bird	aux
18	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	22 bird	advmod
19	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	22 bird	cop
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 bird	det
21	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 bird	amod
22	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 poked	parataxis
23	»	»	PUNCT	_	22 bird	punct
24	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	27 likely	nsubj
25	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 likely	cop
26	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	27 likely	advmod
27	likely	likely	ADV	_	11 poked	ccomp
28	?	?	PUNCT	_	11 poked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	scream speech: express in a quote	present · progressive	that crow			at me	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at i=Location
2	poke in a quote	past	I	crow's nest	year		vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent nest=Theme
3	not is a in a quote	can		the same bird			tree rules
4	is	present				likely property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Crows forget everything overnight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Crows	crow	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 forget	nsubj
2	forget	forget	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	everything	everything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	2 forget	obj
4	overnight	overnight	ADV	_	2 forget	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forget	present	Crows	everything				overnight property	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is the same crow; crows remember faces for years

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 crow	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 crow	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 crow	det
4	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 crow	amod
5	crow	crow	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 remember	punct
7	crows	crow	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 remember	nsubj
8	remember	remember	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 crow	parataxis
9	faces	face	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 remember	obj
10	for	for	ADP	_	11 years	case
11	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 remember	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the same crow					tree rules
2	remember	present	crows	faces			year		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent face=Theme

Option 3

It is a different crow that just happens to be there by chance

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 crow	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 crow	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 crow	det
4	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 crow	amod
5	crow	crow	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 happens	nsubj
7	just	just	ADV	_	8 happens	advmod
8	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 crow	acl:relcl
9	to	to	PART	_	11 there	mark
10	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	11 there	cop
11	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	8 happens	advcl
12	by	by	ADP	_	13 chance	case
13	chance	chance	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 happens	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a different crow		tree rules
2	happen	present	a different crow		by chance	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by chance=Location
3	is	to-infinitive	a different crow not said here		there property	tree rules

Option 4

All crows hate everyone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 crows	det
2	crows	crow	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hate	nsubj
3	hate	hate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	3 hate	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hate	present	all crows	everyone					vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer everyone=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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