Test 6 · ★★ · Animal minds: the octopus, escape artist and puzzle solver
In a cartoon an octopus mum walks her 8 kids to school. What is really true?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: octopus mum · What happens: walk, be · To what, where: her, cartoon
This is test 6 · ★★ of lesson 234 «Animal minds: the octopus, escape artist and puzzle solver» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a cartoon an octopus mum walks her 8 kids to school.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 cartoon | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 cartoon | det |
| 3 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 walks | obl |
| 4 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 mum | det |
| 5 | octopus | octopus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 mum | compound |
| 6 | mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 walks | nsubj |
| 7 | walks | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 walks | obj |
| 9 | 8 | 8 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 kids | nummod |
| 10 | kids | kid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 walks | obl |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 school | case |
| 12 | school | school | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 walks | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 walks | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | walk | present | a octopus mum | her = she | a cartoon | to school; 8 kids obl | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source PP.destination PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent she=Theme in cartoon=Trajectory to school=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is really true?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 true | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 true | cop |
| 3 | really | really | ADV | _ | 4 true | advmod |
| 4 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 true | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | true property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Octopus mums teach their young for years
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Octopus | octopus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 mums | compound |
| 2 | mums | mum | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 teach | nsubj |
| 3 | teach | teach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 young | nmod:poss |
| 5 | young | young | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 teach | obj |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 years | case |
| 7 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 teach | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | teach speech: other | present | Octopus mums | mums's young | year | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent young=Recipient |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Baby octopuses never meet their parents and learn alone
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 octopuses | compound |
| 2 | octopuses | octopus | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 meet | nsubj |
| 3 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 4 meet | advmod |
| 4 | meet | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 parents | nmod:poss |
| 6 | parents | parent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 meet | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 learn | cc |
| 8 | learn | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 meet | conj |
| 9 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 8 learn | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not meet | present | Baby octopuses | octopuses's parents | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent parent=Co-Agent | ||||
| 2 | learn | present | Baby octopuses not said here | alone property | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 3
Octopus dads take the babies to school every day
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Octopus | octopus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 dads | compound |
| 2 | dads | dad | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 take | nsubj |
| 3 | take | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 babies | det |
| 5 | babies | baby | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 take | obj |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 school | case |
| 7 | school | school | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 take | obl |
| 8 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 9 day | det |
| 9 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 take | obl:unmarked |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | present | Octopus dads | the babies | school | day | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent baby=Theme to school=Destination |
Option 4
Octopus babies live with their grandparents until they are grown
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Octopus | octopus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 babies | compound |
| 2 | babies | baby | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 live | nsubj |
| 3 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 grandparents | case |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 grandparents | nmod:poss |
| 6 | grandparents | grandparent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 live | obl |
| 7 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 10 grown | mark |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 grown | nsubj |
| 9 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 grown | aux:pass |
| 10 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 live | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | Octopus babies | with babies's grandparents | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with grandparent=Location | ||||
| 2 | grow | present · passive | babies = baby | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/234-animal-minds-the-octopus-escape-artist-and-puzzle-solver/t6/