Exam question 4 · Ants: colonies, queens, farmers and living bridges

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the composition of the worker caste of an ant colony.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, composition

This is exam question 4 of lesson 238 «Ants: colonies, queens, farmers and living bridges» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 composition	det
11	composition	composition	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	15 caste	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 caste	det
14	worker	worker	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 caste	compound
15	caste	caste	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 composition	nmod
16	of	of	ADP	_	19 colony	case
17	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 colony	det
18	ant	ant	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 colony	compound
19	colony	colony	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 caste	nmod
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the composition of the worker caste of a ant colony		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus composition=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The workers are the sons of the king, who rules the colony together with the queen

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 workers	det
2	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 sons	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 sons	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 sons	det
5	sons	son	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 king	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 king	det
8	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sons	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 rules	punct
10	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 rules	nsubj
11	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 sons	parataxis
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 colony	det
13	colony	colony	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 rules	appos
14	together	together	ADV	_	13 colony	advmod
15	with	with	ADP	_	17 queen	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 queen	det
17	queen	queen	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 colony	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the workers	the sons				of the king	tree rules
2	rule		the sons						tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The workers are exclusively female and are the daughters of the queen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 workers	det
2	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 female	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 female	cop
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	5 female	advmod
5	female	female	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 daughters	cc
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 daughters	cop
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 daughters	det
9	daughters	daughter	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 female	conj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 queen	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 queen	det
12	queen	queen	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 daughters	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the workers					exclusively, female property	tree rules
2	is a	present	the workers not said here	the daughters				of the queen	tree rules

Option 3

The workers are exclusively male

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 workers	det
2	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 male	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 male	cop
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	5 male	advmod
5	male	male	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the workers					exclusively, male property	tree rules

Option 4

The workers are of both sexes in equal number

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 workers	det
2	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 sexes	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 sexes	cop
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 sexes	case
5	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	6 sexes	det
6	sexes	sex	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 number	case
8	equal	equal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 number	amod
9	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sexes	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the workers			equal number		of both sexes	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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