Exam question 4 · Wolves and dogs

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning colour vision in the domestic dog.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, colour vision

This is exam question 4 of lesson 24 «Wolves and dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 vision	compound
11	vision	vision	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 dog	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 dog	det
14	domestic	domestic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 dog	amod
15	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	colour vision	in the domestic dog	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus vision=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It perceives chiefly blues and yellows, and confuses red with green

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 perceives	nsubj
2	perceives	perceive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	chiefly	chiefly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 blues	amod
4	blues	blue	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 perceives	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 yellows	cc
6	yellows	yellow	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 blues	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 confuses	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 confuses	cc
9	confuses	confuse	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 perceives	conj
10	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 confuses	xcomp
11	with	with	ADP	_	12 green	case
12	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 confuses	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perceive	present	It	chiefly blues and yellows					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer blue=Stimulus
2	confuse	present						with green; red property	vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with green=Co-Patient

Option 2

It perceives more colours than a human does, including red and green

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 perceives	nsubj
2	perceives	perceive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 colours	amod
4	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 perceives	obj
5	than	than	SCONJ	_	8 does	mark
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 human	det
7	human	human	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 does	nsubj
8	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 perceives	advcl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 red	punct
10	including	including	ADP	_	11 red	case
11	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 perceives	parataxis
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 green	cc
13	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 red	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perceive	present	It	more colours					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer colour=Stimulus
2	do	present	a human						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It perceives red more vividly than any other colour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 perceives	nsubj
2	perceives	perceive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 perceives	xcomp
4	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 vividly	advmod
5	vividly	vividly	ADV	_	2 perceives	advmod
6	than	than	ADP	_	9 colour	case
7	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	9 colour	det
8	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 colour	amod
9	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 vividly	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perceive	present	It					red, vividly property	vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4

It perceives nothing but shades of grey

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 perceives	nsubj
2	perceives	perceive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 perceives	obj
4	but	but	CCONJ	_	5 shades	cc
5	shades	shade	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 nothing	conj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 grey	case
7	grey	grey	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shades	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perceive	present	It	nothing					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer nothing=Stimulus
2	shade			grey					nom shade «state transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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