Test 1 · Horses, zebras and donkeys

in the old painting the horse gallops with legs stretched out front and back like a rocking horse. is that right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: horse, legs, that · What happens: gallop, stretch out, be · To what, where: old painting, front

This is test 1 of lesson 25 «Horses, zebras and donkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	in	in	ADP	_	4 painting	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 painting	det
3	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 painting	amod
4	painting	painting	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 gallops	obl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 horse	det
6	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 gallops	nsubj
7	gallops	gallop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 right	advcl
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 legs	case
9	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 gallops	obl
10	stretched	stretch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 legs	acl
11	out	out	ADP	_	10 stretched	compound:prt
12	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 stretched	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 back	cc
14	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 front	conj
15	like	like	ADP	_	18 horse	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 horse	det
17	rocking	rocking	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 horse	compound
18	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 front	nmod
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 gallops	punct
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 right	cop
21	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	22 right	nsubj
22	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
23	?	?	PUNCT	_	22 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	gallop	present	the horse		the old painting	with legs	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in painting=Trajectory
2	stretch out	participle	legs not said here	front like a rocking horse and back			vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	is	present	that			right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

No, a galloping horse always keeps two feet down

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	7 keeps	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 horse	det
4	galloping	gallop	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 horse	amod
5	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 keeps	nsubj
6	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	7 keeps	advmod
7	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 feet	nummod
9	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 keeps	obj
10	down	down	ADV	_	7 keeps	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	gallop	gerund							vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	keep down	present	a galloping horse	two feet				always, down property	vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Patient

Option 2

Yes, but only racehorses do it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 do	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 do	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	6 do	cc
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 racehorses	advmod
5	racehorses	racehorse	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 do	nsubj
6	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 do	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	racehorses	it					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality

Option 3

Yes, that is exactly how horses gallop

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	8 gallop	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 gallop	punct
3	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	6 how	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 how	cop
5	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	6 how	advmod
6	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	8 gallop	advmod
7	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 gallop	nsubj
8	gallop	gallop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	that					exactly, how property	tree rules
2	gallop	present	horses						vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

No, when all four feet are off the ground the legs are tucked under

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	10 ground	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 ground	punct
3	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 ground	advmod
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 feet	det
5	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 feet	nummod
6	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 ground	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 ground	cop
8	off	off	ADP	_	10 ground	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 ground	det
10	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 tucked	nsubj:pass
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 legs	det
12	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 tucked	nsubj:pass
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 tucked	aux:pass
14	tucked	tuck	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
15	under	under	ADP	_	14 tucked	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	all four feet					off the ground	tree rules
2	tuck	present · passive		the ground					vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/t1/