Test 2 · ★ · Wolves and dogs
My mate says the pack leader is the toughest alpha who beat the others. What do scientists say now?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate, pack leader, toughest alpha, scientists · What happens: say, be, beat · To what, where: toughest alpha, others · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 24 «Wolves and dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: My mate says the pack leader is the toughest alpha who beat the others.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 mate | nmod:poss |
| 2 | mate | mate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 says | nsubj |
| 3 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 leader | det |
| 5 | pack | pack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 leader | compound |
| 6 | leader | leader | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 alpha | nsubj |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 alpha | cop |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 alpha | det |
| 9 | toughest | tough | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 10 alpha | amod |
| 10 | alpha | alpha | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 says | ccomp |
| 11 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 beat | nsubj |
| 12 | beat | beat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 alpha | acl:relcl |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 others | det |
| 14 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 beat | obj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | My mate | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | the pack leader | the toughest alpha | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | beat | past | the toughest alpha | the others | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location other=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What do scientists say now?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 say | obj |
| 2 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 say | aux |
| 3 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 say | nsubj |
| 4 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 say | advmod |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 say | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present · do-support | scientists | now | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Wild packs are mostly parents leading their own family
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 packs | amod |
| 2 | packs | pack | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 parents | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 parents | cop |
| 4 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 5 parents | advmod |
| 5 | parents | parent | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 6 | leading | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 parents | acl |
| 7 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 family | nmod:poss |
| 8 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 family | amod |
| 9 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 leading | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Wild packs | parents | mostly property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | lead | gerund | parents not said here | packs's own family | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent family=Theme |
Option 2
Wolves have no leaders, they never meet up
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 have | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 4 leaders | det |
| 4 | leaders | leader | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 have | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 meet | punct |
| 6 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 meet | nsubj |
| 7 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 8 meet | advmod |
| 8 | meet | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 have | conj |
| 9 | up | up | ADP | _ | 8 meet | compound:prt |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Wolves | no leaders | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leader=Patient | ||||
| 2 | not meet up | present | Wolves = wolf | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 3
The leader is chosen by howling loudest
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 leader | det |
| 2 | leader | leader | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 chosen | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 chosen | aux:pass |
| 4 | chosen | choose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 6 howling | mark |
| 6 | howling | howl | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 chosen | advcl |
| 7 | loudest | loud | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 6 howling | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | choose | present · passive | the leader | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | howl | gerund | loud property | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 4
Yes, the leader must fight and win a new battle every day
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 6 fight | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 leader | det |
| 4 | leader | leader | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 fight | nsubj |
| 5 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 fight | aux |
| 6 | fight | fight | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 win | cc |
| 8 | win | win | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 fight | conj |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 battle | det |
| 10 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 battle | amod |
| 11 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 win | obj |
| 12 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 13 day | det |
| 13 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 win | obl:unmarked |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fight | must | the leader | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | win | infinitive | the leader not said here | a new battle | day | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Eventuality |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/t2/