Test 6 · Defences: venom in snakes, jellyfish, scorpions and the pl…

«my brother says a tarantula will kill u in a minute, that's why he won't hold it» What is true?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: brother, tarantula, that · What happens: say, kill, be, not hold · To what, where: u, it · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 of lesson 246 «Defences: venom in snakes, jellyfish, scorpions and the platypus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct
2	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 brother	nmod:poss
3	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 tarantula	det
6	tarantula	tarantula	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 kill	nsubj
7	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 kill	aux
8	kill	kill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 says	ccomp
9	u	you	PRON	Abbr=Yes Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 kill	obj
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 minute	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 minute	det
12	minute	minute	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 kill	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 why	punct
14	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	16 why	nsubj
15	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 why	cop
16	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 says	conj
17	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 hold	nsubj
18	wo	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	20 hold	aux
19	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	20 hold	advmod
20	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 why	ccomp
21	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 hold	obj
22	»	»	PUNCT	_	20 hold	punct
23	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	25 true	nsubj
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 true	cop
25	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 hold	parataxis
26	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert in a quote	present	my brother				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	kill in a quote	future	a tarantula	u	minute		vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme
3	is in a quote	present	that			why property	tree rules
4	not hold in a quote	future	tarantula	it			tree rules
5	is	present				true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Only baby tarantulas are dangerous

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 tarantulas	advmod
2	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tarantulas	compound
3	tarantulas	tarantula	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 dangerous	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 dangerous	cop
5	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	baby tarantulas					dangerous property	tree rules

Option 2

Tarantulas have no fangs at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tarantulas	tarantula	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 fangs	det
4	fangs	fang	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 have	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Tarantulas	no fangs		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fang=Patient

Option 3

Yes, every tarantula can kill a grown-up in about a minute with one bite

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 kill	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	4 tarantula	det
4	tarantula	tarantula	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kill	nsubj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 kill	aux
6	kill	kill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 grown	det
8	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 kill	obj
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	10 up	punct
10	up	up	ADP	_	8 grown	compound:prt
11	in	in	ADP	_	14 minute	case
12	about	about	ADV	_	14 minute	advmod
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 minute	det
14	minute	minute	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kill	obl
15	with	with	ADP	_	17 bite	case
16	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	17 bite	nummod
17	bite	bite	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kill	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kill	can	every tarantula				minute	with one bite	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	grow up	participle							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A bite is usually no worse than a bee sting, though their itchy hairs can annoy

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 bite	det
2	bite	bite	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 worse	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 worse	cop
4	usually	usually	ADV	_	6 worse	advmod
5	no	no	ADV	_	6 worse	advmod
6	worse	bad	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
7	than	than	ADP	_	10 sting	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 sting	det
9	bee	bee	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sting	compound
10	sting	sting	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 worse	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 annoy	punct
12	though	though	SCONJ	_	17 annoy	mark
13	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 hairs	nmod:poss
14	itchy	itchy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 hairs	amod
15	hairs	hair	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 annoy	nsubj
16	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 annoy	aux
17	annoy	annoy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 worse	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	present	a bite					than a bee sting; bad, usually property	tree rules
2	annoy	can	their itchy hairs						vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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