Test 2 · Defences: poison, warning colours and mimics
«argh a wasp on my ice cream!! oh wait it's just hovering still» What could it be?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cream · What happens: wait, hover
This is test 2 of lesson 247 «Defences: poison, warning colours and mimics» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 4 wasp | punct |
| 2 | argh | argh | INTJ | _ | 4 wasp | discourse |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 wasp | det |
| 4 | wasp | wasp | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 cream | case |
| 6 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 cream | nmod:poss |
| 7 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cream | compound |
| 8 | cream | cream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 wasp | nmod |
| 9 | !! | !! | PUNCT | _ | 11 wait | punct |
| 10 | oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 11 wait | discourse |
| 11 | wait | wait | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 wasp | parataxis |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 hovering | nsubj |
| 13 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 hovering | aux |
| 14 | just | just | ADV | _ | 15 hovering | advmod |
| 15 | hovering | hover | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 wait | advcl |
| 16 | still | still | ADV | _ | 15 hovering | advmod |
| 17 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 11 wait | punct |
| 18 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 21 be | obj |
| 19 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 be | aux |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 be | nsubj |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 11 wait | advcl |
| 22 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 wasp | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wait in a quote | infinitive | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | hover in a quote | present · progressive | cream | still | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
A baby wasp that cannot sting
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 wasp | det |
| 2 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 wasp | compound |
| 3 | wasp | wasp | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 sting | nsubj |
| 5 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 sting | aux |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 sting | advmod |
| 7 | sting | sting | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 wasp | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not sting | can | a baby wasp | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
Option 2
A moth in the sunshine
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 moth | det |
| 2 | moth | moth | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 sunshine | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sunshine | det |
| 5 | sunshine | sunshine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 moth | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
A bee pretending to be a wasp
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 bee | det |
| 2 | bee | bee | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | pretending | pretend | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 bee | acl |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 wasp | mark |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 7 wasp | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 wasp | det |
| 7 | wasp | wasp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 pretending | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pretend | gerund | a bee not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | is a | to-infinitive | a bee not said here | a wasp | tree rules |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
A harmless hoverfly in wasp colours
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 hoverfly | det |
| 2 | harmless | harmless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 hoverfly | amod |
| 3 | hoverfly | hoverfly | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 colours | case |
| 5 | wasp | wasp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 colours | compound |
| 6 | colours | colour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 hoverfly | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics/t2/