Exam question 2 · Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails,…

Identify the principal substance stored within the hump of a camel.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, store · To what, where: principal substance

This is exam question 2 of lesson 249 «Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails, ink, and do ostriches bury their heads?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 substance	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 substance	amod
4	substance	substance	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	stored	store	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 substance	acl
6	within	within	ADP	_	8 hump	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 hump	det
8	hump	hump	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stored	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 camel	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 camel	det
11	camel	camel	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hump	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal substance					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent substance=Theme
2	store	participle		the principal substance not said here				within the hump of a camel	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Air, which assists the animal in floating

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 assists	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 assists	punct
3	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 assists	nsubj
4	assists	assist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 animal	det
6	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 assists	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 floating	case
8	floating	floating	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 assists	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	assist	present	Air		the animal	floating			vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Beneficiary

Option 2

Water, which is released when the animal is thirsty

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 thirsty	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 released	punct
3	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 released	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 released	aux:pass
5	released	release	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Water	acl:relcl
6	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	8 animal	advmod
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 animal	det
8	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 released	obj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 thirsty	cop
10	thirsty	thirsty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	release	present · passive		Water					tree rules
2	is	present	Water					thirsty property	tree rules

Option 3

Milk, which is reserved for the young

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Milk	milk	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 reserved	punct
3	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 reserved	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 reserved	aux:pass
5	reserved	reserve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	1 Milk	appos
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 young	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 young	det
8	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 reserved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reserve	present · passive		Milk				for the young	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Theme for young=Beneficiary

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Fat, which furnishes energy when food is scarce

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fat	fat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 furnishes	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 furnishes	punct
3	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 furnishes	nsubj
4	furnishes	furnish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 furnishes	obj
6	when	when	SCONJ	_	9 scarce	mark
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 scarce	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 scarce	cop
9	scarce	scarce	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 furnishes	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	furnish	present	Fat	energy					vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Recipient
2	is	present	food					scarce property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches/e2/