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Test 1 · Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails,…

In a cartoon an ostrich sticks its head in the sand when a lion comes. What would a real ostrich more likely do?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ostrich, lion, real ostrich · What happens: stick, come, do · To what, where: head, cartoon

This is test 1 of lesson 249 «Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails, ink, and do ostriches bury their heads?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon an ostrich sticks its head in the sand when a lion comes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sticks	obl
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 ostrich	det
5	ostrich	ostrich	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sticks	nsubj
6	sticks	stick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 head	nmod:poss
8	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sticks	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 sand	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sand	det
11	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sticks	obl
12	when	when	SCONJ	_	15 comes	mark
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 lion	det
14	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 comes	nsubj
15	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 sticks	advcl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 sticks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stick	present	a ostrich	ostrich's head		a cartoon		in the sand	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme in cartoon=Destination
2	come	present	a lion						vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would a real ostrich more likely do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	8 do	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 do	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 ostrich	det
4	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 ostrich	amod
5	ostrich	ostrich	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 do	nsubj
6	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 likely	advmod
7	likely	likely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 ostrich	amod
8	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	would	a real ostrich						vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Climb a tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Climb	climb	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 tree	det
3	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Climb	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	climb	imperative	you not said here	a tree					vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location tree=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Run away very fast or kick

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Run	run	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	away	away	ADV	_	1 Run	advmod
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 fast	advmod
4	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	1 Run	advmod
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 kick	cc
6	kick	kick	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Run	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run away	imperative	you not said here					away, fast property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	kick	infinitive	you not said here						vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient

Option 3

Bury its head and wait

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bury	bury	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 head	nmod:poss
3	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Bury	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 wait	cc
5	wait	wait	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Bury	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bury	imperative	you not said here	its head					vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme
2	wait	infinitive	you not said here						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Fly away high

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	away	away	ADV	_	1 Fly	advmod
3	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Fly	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly away	imperative	you not said here					away, high property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches/t1/