Exam question 1 · Horses, zebras and donkeys
Identify the anatomical arrangement which permits the horse to remain upright while dozing.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, anatomical arrangement · What happens: identify, permit, remain, doze · To what, where: anatomical arrangement, horse
This is exam question 1 of lesson 25 «Horses, zebras and donkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Identify | identify | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 arrangement | det |
| 3 | anatomical | anatomical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 arrangement | amod |
| 4 | arrangement | arrangement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Identify | obj |
| 5 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 permits | nsubj |
| 6 | permits | permit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 arrangement | acl:relcl |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 horse | det |
| 8 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 permits | obj |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 remain | mark |
| 10 | remain | remain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 permits | ccomp |
| 11 | upright | upright | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 remain | xcomp |
| 12 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 13 dozing | mark |
| 13 | dozing | doze | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 remain | advcl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Identify | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | identify | imperative | you not said here | the anatomical arrangement | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent arrangement=Theme | ||||
| 2 | permit | present | the anatomical arrangement | the horse | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer horse=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | remain not said to happen | to-infinitive | the anatomical arrangement not said here | upright property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | doze | gerund | the anatomical arrangement not said here | vn snooze-40.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
The continual growth of the teeth
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 growth | det |
| 2 | continual | continual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 growth | amod |
| 3 | growth | growth | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 teeth | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 teeth | det |
| 6 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 growth | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | the teeth | nom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent |
Option 2
The hollow structure of the hooves
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 structure | det |
| 2 | hollow | hollow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 structure | amod |
| 3 | structure | structure | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 hooves | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 hooves | det |
| 6 | hooves | hoove | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 structure | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
The stay apparatus of the limbs
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 apparatus | det |
| 2 | stay | stay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 apparatus | compound |
| 3 | apparatus | apparatus | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 limbs | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 limbs | det |
| 6 | limbs | limb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 apparatus | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stay | infinitive | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 4
The lateral position of the eyes
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 position | det |
| 2 | lateral | lateral | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 position | amod |
| 3 | position | position | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 eyes | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 eyes | det |
| 6 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 position | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/e1/